Zeneli Gazmend, Krokene Paal, Christiansen Erik, Krekling Trygve, Gershenzon Jonathan
Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Tree Physiol. 2006 Aug;26(8):977-88. doi: 10.1093/treephys/26.8.977.
When conifers such as Picea abies Karst. (Norway spruce) are attacked by insects or pathogens, they often respond by producing increased quantities of terpenoid oleoresin. This response can be mimicked in young P. abies seedlings by treatment with methyl jasmonate (MJ). In this study, we determined the effects of MJ on terpenoids and other chemical defenses of mature P. abies, and investigated whether this treatment protected trees against attack by the blue-stain fungus Ceratocystis polonica (Siem.) C. Moreau, the most important fungal associate of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. Methyl jasmonate treatment induced the formation of traumatic resin ducts in the developing xylem, enhanced resin flow and stimulated increased accumulation of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpene resin acids. However, only minor changes were detected in terpene composition in response to MJ treatment and no changes in soluble phenolic concentration were measured. There was much variability in the timing and degree of response to MJ among clones. The observed chemical and anatomical changes in response to MJ treatment were correlated with increased resistance to C. polonica, suggesting that terpenoid oleoresin may function in defense against this pathogen.
当针叶树如欧洲云杉（Picea abies Karst.）受到昆虫或病原体攻击时，它们通常会通过产生更多数量的萜类油性树脂来做出反应。这种反应可以通过用茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）处理欧洲云杉幼苗来模拟。在本研究中，我们确定了MJ对成熟欧洲云杉萜类化合物和其他化学防御的影响，并研究了这种处理是否能保护树木免受青变真菌波兰长喙壳菌（Ceratocystis polonica (Siem.) C. Moreau）的侵害，该真菌是云杉八齿小蠹（Ips typographus L.）最重要的真菌共生体。茉莉酸甲酯处理诱导了发育中的木质部中创伤树脂道的形成，增强了树脂流动，并刺激了单萜、倍半萜和二萜树脂酸积累的增加。然而，响应MJ处理，萜类化合物组成仅检测到微小变化，可溶性酚类浓度未检测到变化。不同克隆对MJ的反应时间和程度存在很大差异。观察到的响应MJ处理的化学和解剖学变化与对波兰长喙壳菌的抗性增加相关，表明萜类油性树脂可能在抵御这种病原体中发挥作用。
