Moreira-Gonzalez Andrea, Papay Francis E, Zins James E
Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 May;117(6):1964-71. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000209933.78532.a7.
The purpose of this study was to define the variability in skull thickness from location to location and from individual to individual in a large number of human skulls.
Skull thickness was measured in multiple areas of the calvaria in 281 dry skulls from the Hamman-Todd osteological collection (Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio). A total of 40 points were determined over the frontal, occipital, and parietal bones, with a higher number of points concentrated on the latter. Repeated measures analysis of variance models were used to assess the effects of covariates (individual variables) on skull thickness and location.
A statistically significant pattern of increased thickness toward the posterior parietal bones was seen in all subgroups. The mean thickness of the skull across all locations was 6.32 mm (SEM, 0.07 mm) and ranged from 5.3 mm (SEM, 0.09 mm) to 7.5 mm (SEM, 0.09 mm). Age was not found to be a significant predictor of mean skull thickness. Differences between male and female skulls were greater toward the rear of the parietal bones.
The thickest area of the skull is the parasagittal posterior parietal area in male skulls and the posterior parietal area midway between the sagittal and superior temporal line in female skulls. An accurate map of the skull thickness representing the normative data of the studied population was developed. It is hoped that this topographic map will assist the surgeons in choosing the safest area of cranial bone graft harvest, thus increasing the safety of the procedure.
本研究的目的是确定大量人类颅骨中不同位置之间以及个体之间颅骨厚度的变异性。
对来自哈曼 - 托德骨学收藏（俄亥俄州克利夫兰自然历史博物馆）的281个干燥颅骨的颅盖骨多个区域进行颅骨厚度测量。在额骨、枕骨和顶骨上共确定了40个点，其中顶骨上的点较多。使用重复测量方差分析模型来评估协变量（个体变量）对颅骨厚度和位置的影响。
在所有亚组中均观察到向顶骨后部厚度增加的具有统计学意义的模式。所有位置的颅骨平均厚度为6.32毫米（标准误，0.07毫米），范围为5.3毫米（标准误，0.09毫米）至7.5毫米（标准误，0.09毫米）。未发现年龄是颅骨平均厚度的显著预测因素。男性和女性颅骨在顶骨后部的差异更大。
男性颅骨最厚的区域是矢状旁顶骨后部区域，女性颅骨最厚的区域是矢状线和颞上线之间中点的顶骨后部区域。绘制了代表所研究人群规范数据的颅骨厚度精确图谱。希望这一地形图能帮助外科医生选择颅骨移植最安全的区域，从而提高手术的安全性。
