Biology Department, Reed College, Portland, Oregon.
Plant Physiol. 1966 Jun;41(6):953-61. doi: 10.1104/pp.41.6.953.
There was a 6 to 24-hour lag in the production of anthocyanins in the light after excision of 4-day-old etiolated internodes of Sorghum vulgare variety Wheatland milo. In internodes infiltrated with water, apigeninidin was formed first at 12 to 24 hours and continued to be produced slowly. Luteolinidin was formed slightly later, but its formation rapidly exceeded that of apigeninidin. Cyanidin was the last type to be produced, but equaled the amounts of luteolinidin by 4 days. In noninfiltrated internodes, the production of cyanidin was greatly accelerated, beginning at about 6 hours.Data from experiments with inhibitors that presumably affect protein synthesis at different loci indicated that protein synthesis was necessary for maximum production of all 3 anthocyanins, but that different steps were rate limiting. Light independent synthesis of apigeninidin and luteolinidin was inhibited by chloramphenicol and l-ethionine but not by actinomycin D and 8-azaguanine. However, the synthesis of these 2 anthocyanins was not inhibited by puromycin, but was sometimes stimulated. The light-induced synthesis of cyanidin was inhibited by actinomycin, azaguanine, chloramphenicol and ethionine. Actinomycin no longer was inhibitory if added after incubation for 6 hours in air. All inhibitors were capable of inhibiting to various degrees either the incorporation of (14)C-uracil into RNA or (14)C-leucine into protein. The inhibitor data suggest that the light insensitive synthesis of apigeninidin and luteolinidin may be controlled by enzyme synthesis at the level of ribosomes via stable mRNA, while the light-induced production of cyanidin is dependent initially on the production of mRNA. The latter hypothesis is similar to that recently proposed by Lange and Mohr for a cyanidin produced in Sinapis seedlings.
在切除 4 天大的高粱品种惠特兰玉米的暗培养节段后，在光下合成花色素苷有 6-24 小时的滞后。在用水渗透的节段中，首先在 12-24 小时形成芹菜素配基，并且继续缓慢地产生。木犀草素配基形成稍晚，但形成速度迅速超过芹菜素配基。矢车菊素是最后一种形成的，但在 4 天时与木犀草素配基的量相等。在未渗透的节段中，矢车菊素的合成大大加速，大约在 6 小时开始。
用推测在不同部位影响蛋白质合成的抑制剂进行实验得到的数据表明，所有 3 种花青素的最大产量都需要蛋白质合成，但不同步骤是限速的。氯霉素和 L-蛋氨酸抑制光独立合成的芹菜素配基和木犀草素配基，但不抑制放线菌素 D 和 8-氮鸟嘌呤。然而，这些 2 种花青素的合成不受嘌呤霉素的抑制，但有时受到刺激。光诱导的矢车菊素的合成被放线菌素、氮鸟嘌呤、氯霉素和蛋氨酸抑制。如果在空气中孵育 6 小时后加入放线菌素，它不再具有抑制作用。所有抑制剂都能够在不同程度上抑制 (14)C-尿嘧啶掺入 RNA 或 (14)C-亮氨酸掺入蛋白质。抑制剂数据表明，光不敏感的芹菜素配基和木犀草素配基的合成可能通过稳定的 mRNA 控制核糖体水平的酶合成，而光诱导的矢车菊素的产生最初依赖于 mRNA 的产生。后一种假设类似于 Lange和莫尔最近提出的在拟南芥幼苗中产生的矢车菊素的假设。
