细胞衰老、线粒体的辐射损伤以及成熟梨果实中的补偿反应。
Cellular senescence, radiation damage to mitochondria, and the compensatory response in ripening pear fruits.
作者信息
Romani R J, Yu I K, Ku L L, Fisher L K, Dehgan N
机构信息
Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
出版信息
Plant Physiol. 1968 Jul;43(7):1089-96. doi: 10.1104/pp.43.7.1089.
A compensatory response, viz. in vivo recovery from radiation damage to mitochondria, occurs in preclimacteric pear fruits (Pyrus communis L.) treated with ionizing radiation. The compensatory response is absent or markedly impaired in senescent fruits irradiated at or near the climacteric peak. Senescent cells failed to recover from harmful effects of radiation on: 1) mitochondrial yield, 2) in vivo incorporation of amino acids into mitochondrial protein, and 3) mitochondrial respiratory control and ADP/O. A diminished response to "split-dose" irradiation and a delayed rate of recovery confirmed the degeneracy and loss of compensatory power with cell age.A loss of restorative activity, especially in mitochondria that supply the cell with essential energy, may underlie the more obvious signs of cumulative stress that accompany cellular senescence. Use of ionizing radiation as an investigative tool and the molecular implications of radiation damage, recovery, and cellular senescence are discussed.
在经电离辐射处理的更年期前梨果实（西洋梨）中会出现一种补偿反应，即线粒体从辐射损伤中进行体内恢复。在更年高峰期或接近更年高峰期照射的衰老果实中，这种补偿反应不存在或明显受损。衰老细胞无法从辐射对以下方面的有害影响中恢复：1）线粒体产量；2）体内氨基酸掺入线粒体蛋白的过程；3）线粒体呼吸控制和ADP/O。对“分次剂量”辐射的反应减弱以及恢复速率延迟，证实了随着细胞衰老，补偿能力会退化和丧失。恢复活性的丧失，尤其是在为细胞提供基本能量的线粒体中的丧失，可能是细胞衰老伴随的累积应激更明显迹象的基础。本文讨论了将电离辐射用作研究工具以及辐射损伤、恢复和细胞衰老的分子意义。
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