Biology Department, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202-8199.
Plant Physiol. 1991 Jul;96(3):680-5. doi: 10.1104/pp.96.3.680.
Flavonoid evolution in land plants is discussed from an enzymic point of view, based on the present day distribution of the major subgroups of flavonoids in bryophytes, lower and higher vascular plants. The importance of varied functions in the origin of pathways with a series of sequential steps leading to end-products is considered; it is argued that the initial function is that of an internal regulatory agent, rather than as a filter against ultraviolet irradiation. The basic synthases, hydroxylases, and reductases of flavonoid pathways are presumed to have evolved from enzymes of primary metabolism. A speculative scheme is presented of flavonoid evolution within a primitive group of algae derived from a Charophycean rather than a Chlorophycean line, as a land environment was invaded. Flavonoid evolution was preceded by that of the phenylpropanoid and malonyl-coenzyme A pathways, but evolved prior to the lignin pathway.
从酶学的角度讨论了陆地植物类黄酮的演化，其基础是目前在苔藓植物、低等和高等维管束植物中主要类黄酮亚组的分布。本文考虑了在具有一系列顺序步骤通向最终产物的途径的起源中，各种功能的重要性；本文认为，初始功能是作为内部调节剂，而不是作为抵御紫外线辐射的过滤器。类黄酮途径的基本合成酶、羟化酶和还原酶被认为是从初级代谢酶进化而来的。本文提出了一个推测性的方案，即在一个源自石莼纲而不是绿藻纲的藻类原始群体中，类黄酮的进化是如何发生的，因为陆生环境被入侵了。类黄酮的进化先于苯丙烷途径和丙二酰辅酶 A 途径，但先于木质素途径。
