Venter Carina, Pereira Brett, Grundy Jane, Clayton C Bernie, Roberts Graham, Higgins Bernie, Dean Taraneh
David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 May;117(5):1118-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1352. Epub 2006 Apr 3.
There are very few population-based studies investigating the incidence of food hypersensitivity during the first year of life.
To determine the incidence of parentally reported food hypersensitivity and objectively diagnosed food hypersensitivity during the first year of life.
A birth cohort was recruited (n = 969). At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, information regarding feeding practices and reported symptoms of atopy were obtained. At 1 year, infants underwent a medical examination and skin prick testing to a battery of allergens. Symptomatic infants underwent food challenges.
Adverse reactions to foods were reported by 132 (14.2%) parents at 3, 83 (9.1%) at 6, 49 (5.5%) at 9, and 65 (7.2%) at 12 months. Of the subjects, 1.0% (8/763) were sensitized to aeroallergens and 2.2% (17/763) to food allergens. Between 6 and 9 months and 9 and 12 months, 1.4% (14/969) and 2.8% (27/969) infants were diagnosed with food hypersensitivity on the basis of open food challenges and 0.9% (9/969) and 2.5% (24/969) on the basis of double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges. Cumulative incidence of food hypersensitivity by 12 months was 4% (39/969; 95% CI, 2.9% to 5.5%) on the basis of open food challenges and 3.2% (31/969; 95% CI, 2.2% to 4.5%) on the basis of double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges.
Between 2.2% and 5.5% of infants have food hypersensitivity in the first year of life. The rate of parental perception of food hypersensitivity is higher than the prevalence of atopic sensitization to main food allergens or objectively assessed food hypersensitivity.
In the first year of life, the rate of parentally perceived food hypersensitivity is considerably higher than objectively assessed food hypersensitivity.
基于人群研究1岁以内食物过敏发生率的研究非常少。
确定父母报告的食物过敏发生率以及1岁以内客观诊断的食物过敏发生率。
招募了一个出生队列（n = 969）。在3、6、9和12个月时，获取了有关喂养方式和报告的特应性症状的信息。在1岁时，对婴儿进行医学检查，并对一系列过敏原进行皮肤点刺试验。有症状的婴儿接受食物激发试验。
132名（14.2%）父母在3个月时报告婴儿对食物有不良反应，83名（9.1%）在6个月时报告，49名（5.5%）在9个月时报告，65名（7.2%）在12个月时报告。在这些受试者中，1.0%（8/763）对空气过敏原致敏，2.2%（17/763）对食物过敏原致敏。在6至9个月以及9至12个月之间，分别有1.4%（14/969）和2.8%（27/969）的婴儿基于开放性食物激发试验被诊断为食物过敏，基于双盲、安慰剂对照食物激发试验诊断的分别为0.9%（9/969）和2.5%（24/969）。基于开放性食物激发试验，12个月时食物过敏的累积发生率为4%（39/969；95%CI，2.9%至5.5%），基于双盲、安慰剂对照食物激发试验的为3.2%（31/969；95%CI，2.2%至4.5%）。
1岁以内2.2%至5.5%的婴儿有食物过敏。父母对食物过敏的认知率高于对主要食物过敏原的特应性致敏率或客观评估的食物过敏患病率。
在1岁以内，父母感知的食物过敏率远高于客观评估的食物过敏率。
