Signs of inflammation in children that can kill (SICK score): preliminary prospective validation of a new non-invasive measure of severity-of-illness.

BACKGROUND

Signs of Inflammation in Children that can Kill (SICK score) is a new severity-of-illness score. It uses the physical signs of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and its continuum--the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS). The development of the score used multiple logistic regression model coefficients converted to integer scores that have been published earlier.

AIMS

The present study was done to validate the scoring system by predicting outcomes in a fresh data set.

SETTING

Intensive care unit in a tertiary referral hospital.

DESIGN

Prospective.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

125 admissions to the intensive care unit were evaluated so that the SICK score and the PRISM score could be calculated. In-hospital mortality was noted.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit) and discrimination (area under the ROC curve) were used to measure performance.

RESULTS

Of the 125 patients studied 23 died. The area under the ROC curve was 0.76 compared to 0.80 in the development sample. Using PRISM in the validation group, the ROC was 0.78. Calibration was excellent.

CONCLUSION

The SICK score can predict severity of illness with nearly the same accuracy as the PRISM score. The SICK score can be calculated immediately on admission and can help to prioritize care for the more sick children who need urgent aggressive management. Larger studies, that includes all admissions to the hospital, will now need to be done.