Ramseier Christoph A, Christen Arden, McGowan Joan, McCartan Bernard, Minenna Luigi, Ohrn Kerstin, Walter Clemens
University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Deptartment of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Ann Arbor 48109-1078, USA.
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2006;4(1):49-60.
Oral health care professionals are aware of their responsibility to advise patients to stop using tobacco. However, they do not feel sufficiently prepared to help their patients to quit, and consequently are not confident in providing these preventive measures. This fact reflects the lack of emphasis on tobacco cessation in both dental and dental hygiene undergraduate education. It may therefore be assumed that improvement of dental and dental hygiene education in tobacco use cessation counselling may result in increased self-confidence and frequency of its provision. The importance of making space in the curriculum for tobacco use prevention and cessation has to be emphasised. Dental schools and dental hygiene programmes have to be reminded of the key role the dental profession has in tobacco control. Next to the public health aspect of tobacco control, such involvement may be both an ethical and a legal responsibility. The implementation of effective tobacco use prevention and cessation in a dental educational setting requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the school's entire teaching personnel and external experts. In general, a knowledge base attained through lecture, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), or E-Learning, and clinical skills attained through clinical instructions and practices is required. It is suggested that curriculum content should include (1) the biological effects of tobacco use, (2) the history of tobacco culture and psychosocial aspects of tobacco use, (3) prevention and treatment of tobacco use and dependence, and (4) development of clinical skills for tobacco use prevention and cessation.
口腔保健专业人员意识到自己有责任建议患者停止使用烟草。然而，他们觉得自己没有做好充分准备来帮助患者戒烟，因此对提供这些预防措施缺乏信心。这一事实反映出牙科和口腔卫生本科教育中对戒烟的重视不足。因此可以推测，改进牙科和口腔卫生教育中的戒烟咨询可能会增强自信心并提高提供戒烟咨询的频率。必须强调在课程中为预防和戒烟留出空间的重要性。必须提醒牙科学院和口腔卫生项目，牙科专业在烟草控制中所起的关键作用。除了烟草控制的公共卫生方面，这种参与可能既是道德责任也是法律责任。在牙科教育环境中有效实施预防和戒烟需要一种多学科方法，涉及学校的全体教学人员和外部专家。一般来说，需要通过讲座、基于问题的学习（PBL）或电子学习获得知识基础，并通过临床指导和实践获得临床技能。建议课程内容应包括：（1）烟草使用的生物学影响；（2）烟草文化史和烟草使用的社会心理方面；（3）烟草使用和依赖的预防与治疗；（4）预防和戒烟临床技能的培养。
