Byrd Mary E
Department of Nursing, Rhode Island College, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 2006 May-Jun;23(3):271-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2006.230310.x.
The purpose of this paper was to develop a nursing-focused use of social exchange theory within the context of maternal-child home visiting. The nature of social exchange theory, its application to client-nurse interaction, and its fit with an existing data set from a field research investigation were examined. Resources exchanged between the nurse and clients were categorized and compared across the patterns of home visiting, nursing strategies based on exchange notions were identified, and variations in exchange were linked with client outcomes. The nurse provided resources within the categories of information, status, service, and goods. Clients provided time, access to the home, space within the home to conduct the visit, opportunities to observe maternal-child interaction, access to the infant, and information. The ease and breadth of resource exchange varied across the patterns of home visiting. The social exchange perspective was useful in categorizing resources, specifying and uncovering new resource categories, understanding nursing strategies to initiate and maintain the client-nurse relationship, and linking client-nurse interactive phenomena with client outcomes. Social exchange theory is potentially useful for understanding client-nurse interaction in the context of maternal-child home visits.
本文的目的是在母婴家访的背景下，以护理为重点运用社会交换理论。研究了社会交换理论的本质、其在护患互动中的应用，以及它与一项实地研究调查的现有数据集的契合度。对护士与客户之间交换的资源进行了分类，并在不同的家访模式中进行了比较，确定了基于交换概念的护理策略，并将交换的差异与客户的结果联系起来。护士提供的资源包括信息、地位、服务和物品。客户提供时间、进入家庭的机会、家庭中进行家访的空间、观察母婴互动的机会、接触婴儿的机会和信息。资源交换的难易程度和广度因家访模式而异。社会交换视角有助于对资源进行分类、明确和发现新的资源类别、理解建立和维持护患关系的护理策略，以及将护患互动现象与客户结果联系起来。社会交换理论可能有助于理解母婴家访背景下的护患互动。
