Laurens N, Koolwijk P, de Maat M P M
Department of Biomedical Research, TNO-Quality of Life, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands.
J Thromb Haemost. 2006 May;4(5):932-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01861.x.
Fibrinogen and fibrin play an important role in blood clotting, fibrinolysis, cellular and matrix interactions, inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and neoplasia. The contribution of fibrin(ogen) to these processes largely depends not only on the characteristics of the fibrin(ogen) itself, but also on interactions between specific-binding sites on fibrin(ogen), pro-enzymes, clotting factors, enzyme inhibitors, and cell receptors. In this review, the molecular and cellular biology of fibrin(ogen) is reviewed in the context of cutaneous wound repair. The outcome of wound healing depends largely on the fibrin structure, such as the thickness of the fibers, the number of branch points, the porosity, and the permeability. The binding of fibrin(ogen) to hemostasis proteins and platelets as well as to several different cells such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, leukocytes, and keratinocytes is indispensable during the process of wound repair. High-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight fibrinogen, two naturally occurring variants of fibrin, are important determinants of angiogenesis and differ in their cell growth stimulation, clotting rate, and fibrin polymerization characteristics. Fibrin sealants have been investigated as matrices to promote wound healing. These sealants may also be an ideal delivery vehicle to deliver extra cells for the treatment of chronic wounds.
纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白在血液凝固、纤维蛋白溶解、细胞与基质相互作用、炎症、伤口愈合、血管生成和肿瘤形成中发挥着重要作用。纤维蛋白（原）对这些过程的贡献很大程度上不仅取决于纤维蛋白（原）本身的特性，还取决于纤维蛋白（原）上的特异性结合位点、酶原、凝血因子、酶抑制剂和细胞受体之间的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们在皮肤伤口修复的背景下对纤维蛋白（原）的分子和细胞生物学进行了综述。伤口愈合的结果很大程度上取决于纤维蛋白结构，如纤维的厚度、分支点的数量、孔隙率和通透性。在伤口修复过程中，纤维蛋白（原）与止血蛋白和血小板以及几种不同的细胞（如内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、成纤维细胞、白细胞和角质形成细胞）的结合是必不可少的。高分子量和低分子量纤维蛋白原是纤维蛋白的两种天然变体，是血管生成的重要决定因素，在细胞生长刺激、凝血速率和纤维蛋白聚合特性方面存在差异。纤维蛋白密封剂已被研究作为促进伤口愈合的基质。这些密封剂也可能是用于治疗慢性伤口的输送额外细胞的理想载体。
