Tsutsumi Akizumi, Kayaba Kazunori, Hirokawa Kumi, Ishikawa Shizukiyo
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
Soc Sci Med. 2006 Sep;63(5):1276-88. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.03.028. Epub 2006 May 11.
We prospectively investigated the association between psychosocial job characteristics according to the job demand-control model and the risk of mortality in a Japanese community-based working population. A baseline examination conducted from 1992 to 1995 determined the socioeconomic, behavioural, and biological risks in addition to the psychosocial job characteristics of 3178 male and 3331 female workers aged 65 and under and free from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. During the 9-year follow-up study, 157 men and 64 women died. In the follow-up, the results of Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that men with concurrent high job demands and high job control (an active job) had the lowest risk of mortality from all causes. Compared with the low demand and high control job category, the multivariate relative risk of an active job was 0.53 (95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.89). This finding appeared largely attributable to a reduction in cancer mortality. Job characteristics were not associated with cardiovascular diseases or external causes of mortality. For women, no significant associations were observed. The findings suggest that an active job has a beneficial effect on the health of Japanese male workers. Investigating of the effect of psychosocial job characteristics on cancer might therefore provide valuable insights into the health of workers.
我们前瞻性地研究了基于工作需求-控制模型的社会心理工作特征与日本社区在职人群死亡风险之间的关联。1992年至1995年进行的基线检查确定了3178名65岁及以下、无癌症和心血管疾病的男性工人以及3331名女性工人的社会经济、行为和生物学风险，此外还包括他们的社会心理工作特征。在9年的随访研究中，157名男性和64名女性死亡。在随访中，Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示，同时具有高工作需求和高工作控制（积极工作）的男性全因死亡风险最低。与低需求高控制工作类别相比，积极工作的多变量相对风险为0.53（95%置信区间：0.31，0.89）。这一发现很大程度上似乎归因于癌症死亡率的降低。工作特征与心血管疾病或外部死亡原因无关。对于女性，未观察到显著关联。研究结果表明，积极工作对日本男性工人的健康有有益影响。因此，研究社会心理工作特征对癌症的影响可能会为工人健康提供有价值的见解。
