Evans A S, Mueller N E
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Oct;1(1):71-92. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(90)90020-s.
This review first considered some general problems in establishing causal links between a virus and a human cancer and offered some guidelines in the pursuit of this objective. Second, it reviewed the current causal associations for several candidate oncogenic viruses in relation to the tumors with which they are associated. These include Epstein-Barr virus in relation to Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; hepatitis B and C viruses in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma; human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 and atypical leukemia/lymphoma; and human papilloma viruses in relation to cervical carcinoma. For some, the causal relationship is strong: hepatitis B virus with hepatocellular carcinoma, and human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. For one, the causal relationship is moderate: Epstein-Barr virus with African Burkitt's lymphoma. For others it is incomplete or inconclusive: Epstein-Barr virus with Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and hepatitis C virus with hepatocellular carcinoma. Current techniques do not permit an answer for some: human papilloma virus with cervical carcinoma.
本综述首先考虑了在确立病毒与人类癌症之间因果联系时的一些普遍问题，并为实现这一目标提供了一些指导原则。其次，综述了几种候选致癌病毒与它们所关联肿瘤之间目前的因果关系。这些病毒包括与伯基特淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌、霍奇金病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关的爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒；与肝细胞癌相关的乙型和丙型肝炎病毒；1型人类T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤病毒与非典型白血病/淋巴瘤；以及与宫颈癌相关的人乳头瘤病毒。对于一些病毒，因果关系确凿：乙型肝炎病毒与肝细胞癌，以及人类T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤病毒与成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤。对于一种病毒，因果关系为中等程度：爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒与非洲伯基特淋巴瘤。对于其他一些病毒，因果关系不完整或尚无定论：爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒与霍奇金病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤，以及丙型肝炎病毒与肝细胞癌。目前的技术无法对某些病毒给出答案：人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈癌。
