Staiano A, Clouse R E
Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples, Italy.
Am J Dis Child. 1991 Dec;145(12):1424-7. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160120092025.
Subject height and lower esophageal sphincter location were determined in 213 children and adults to determine whether the anthropometric variable could be used to accurately predict sphincter location across all age ranges. The upper margin of the lower esophageal sphincter was determined with a nasally placed manometry catheter. Height was highly predictive of lower esophageal sphincter location across all subject groups (r2 = .96) and in the youngest subset of subjects (< or = 2 years of age, r2 = .88). The predictive ability of height remained significant but progressively decreased in the four older subject groups (> 2 and < or = 10 years of age, r2 = .74; > 10 and < or = 20 years of age, r2 = .66; > 20 and < or = 40 years, r2 = .58; and > 40 years, r2 = .49). The regression equation that described subjects 2 years of age or younger (L = 0.22[H] + 4.92, where L is the location in centimeters from the nares and H is the height in centimeters) correctly predicted lower esophageal sphincter location within 1.0 cm in 90% of these subjects. In the older subject groups, predicted lower esophageal sphincter location was in error by greater than 2 cm in 25% to 35% of the subjects, even when age group-specific regression equations were used. Decreased predictive ability related to both increasing age and increasing height. We conclude that lower esophageal sphincter location can be predicted from height in subjects up to 2 years of age. The prediction is sufficiently accurate in this age group to allow placement of pH probes without manometric measurements.
对213名儿童和成人测定了身高及食管下括约肌位置，以确定人体测量学变量是否可用于准确预测所有年龄范围内的括约肌位置。食管下括约肌的上缘通过经鼻放置的测压导管测定。在所有受试者组中，身高对食管下括约肌位置具有高度预测性（r2 = 0.96），在最年幼的受试者亚组（≤2岁，r2 = 0.88）中也是如此。在四个年龄较大的受试者组中（>2岁且≤10岁，r2 = 0.74；>10岁且≤20岁，r2 = 0.66；>20岁且≤40岁，r2 = 0.58；>40岁，r2 = 0.49），身高的预测能力仍然显著，但逐渐下降。描述2岁及以下受试者的回归方程（L = 0.22[H] + 4.92，其中L是从鼻孔起的位置，以厘米为单位，H是身高，以厘米为单位）在90%的此类受试者中能正确预测食管下括约肌位置在1.0厘米以内。在年龄较大的受试者组中，即使使用了特定年龄组的回归方程，仍有25%至35%的受试者预测的食管下括约肌位置误差大于2厘米。预测能力下降与年龄增长和身高增加均有关。我们得出结论，2岁及以下受试者的食管下括约肌位置可根据身高预测。在这个年龄组中，该预测足够准确，无需进行测压测量即可放置pH探头。
