Fink Max, Taylor Michael A, Ghaziuddin Neera
School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2006;72:233-44. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(05)72014-6.
Autism is a developmental syndrome with an unknown biology and inadequate therapeutics. Assessing the elements of the syndrome for the presence of depression, psychosis, mania, or catatonia, offers opportunities for systematic intervention. Since almost all descriptions of autism highlight the presence of motor symptoms that characterize catatonia, an assessment for this eminently treatable syndrome is recommended for all patients considered to be autistic. A minimum examination includes a catatonia rating scale and for those patients with defined catatonia, a lorazepam test. For those whose catatonia responds to lorazepam, high dose lorazepam therapy is recommended. If this fails, electroconvulsive therapy is recommended. The assessment and treatment of catatonia offers positive medical therapy for the victims of autism and their families.
自闭症是一种生物学原因不明且治疗方法不足的发育综合征。评估该综合征中是否存在抑郁、精神病、躁狂或紧张症等因素，为系统干预提供了机会。由于几乎所有关于自闭症的描述都强调了具有紧张症特征的运动症状的存在，因此建议对所有被认为患有自闭症的患者进行这种极易治疗的综合征的评估。最低限度的检查包括紧张症评定量表，对于确诊为紧张症的患者，还需进行劳拉西泮试验。对于紧张症对劳拉西泮有反应的患者，建议采用高剂量劳拉西泮治疗。如果治疗失败，则建议采用电休克疗法。对紧张症的评估和治疗为自闭症患者及其家庭提供了积极的医学治疗方法。
