Gorjão Renata, Verlengia Rozangela, Lima Thais Martins de, Soriano Francisco Garcia, Boaventura Maria Fernanda Cury, Kanunfre Carla Christine, Peres Carmem Maldonado, Sampaio Sandra Concuzzo, Otton Rosemari, Folador Alessandra, Martins Edgair Fernandes, Curi Tania Cristina Pithon, Portiolli Erica Paula, Newsholme Philip, Curi Rui
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-900, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Clin Nutr. 2006 Dec;25(6):923-38. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.03.004. Epub 2006 May 11.
The effect of a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich fish oil (FO) supplementation on human leukocyte function was investigated.
Ten male volunteers were supplemented with 3g/day FO containing 26% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3) and 54% DHA (22:6, n-3) for 2 months.
FO supplementation changed the fatty acid (FA) composition of leukocytes resulting in an increase of n-3/n-6 ratio from 0.18 to 0.62 in lymphocytes and from 0.15 to 0.70 in neutrophils. DHA-rich FO stimulated an increase in phagocytic activity by 62% and 145% in neutrophils and monocytes, respectively. Neutrophil chemotactic response was increased by 128%. The rate of production of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils was also increased, as it was with lymphocyte proliferation. These changes were partially reversed after a 2-month wash out period. With respect to cytokine production by lymphocytes, interleukin (IL)-4 release was not altered, whereas secretions of IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were raised. These results are in contrast to those described by others using EPA-rich FO supplementation. Lymphocyte pleiotropic gene expression was analyzed by a macroarray technique. Of the analyzed genes (588 in total), 77 were modified by the supplementation. FO supplementation resulted in up-regulation of 6 genes (GATA binding protein 2, IL-6 signal transducer, transforming growth factor alpha, TNF, heat shock 90kDa protein 1-alpha and heat shock protein 70kDa 1A) and a down regulation of 71 genes (92.2% of total genes changed). The largest functional group of altered genes was that related to signaling pathways (22% of the total modified genes).
Therefore, although EPA and DHA are members of n-3 FA family, changes in the proportion of DHA and EPA exert different effects on neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte function, which may be a result of specific changes in gene expression.
研究了富含二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的鱼油（FO）补充剂对人体白细胞功能的影响。
10名男性志愿者每天补充3克FO，其中含有26%的二十碳五烯酸（EPA，20:5，n-3）和54%的DHA（22:6，n-3），持续2个月。
补充FO改变了白细胞的脂肪酸（FA）组成，导致淋巴细胞中n-3/n-6比值从0.18增加到0.62，中性粒细胞中从0.15增加到0.70。富含DHA的FO分别刺激中性粒细胞和单核细胞的吞噬活性增加62%和145%。中性粒细胞趋化反应增加了128%。中性粒细胞产生活性氧的速率也增加了，淋巴细胞增殖也是如此。在2个月的洗脱期后，这些变化部分逆转。关于淋巴细胞产生的细胞因子，白细胞介素（IL）-4的释放没有改变，而IL-10、干扰素（IFN）-γ和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α的分泌增加。这些结果与其他人使用富含EPA的FO补充剂所描述的结果相反。通过宏阵列技术分析淋巴细胞多效基因表达。在总共分析的588个基因中，有77个基因因补充剂而发生改变。补充FO导致6个基因上调（GATA结合蛋白2、IL-6信号转导子、转化生长因子α、TNF、热休克90kDa蛋白1-α和热休克蛋白70kDa 1A），71个基因下调（占总变化基因的92.2%）。改变基因的最大功能组是与信号通路相关的组（占总修饰基因的22%）。
因此，尽管EPA和DHA是n-3 FA家族的成员，但DHA和EPA比例的变化对中性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞功能产生不同影响，这可能是基因表达特定变化的结果。
