Puchhammer-Stöckl Elisabeth, Görzer Irene
Institute of Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria.
J Clin Virol. 2006 Aug;36(4):239-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2006.03.004. Epub 2006 May 12.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) as well as Epstein Barr virus (EBV) genomes include regions which show in part substantial polymorphisms. Characterization of several polymorphic regions led to the identification of various CMV and EBV subtypes. Within the last years there have been undertaken numerous efforts to find out whether the diverse subtypes differentially contribute to clinical manifestations. However, although some associations have been described so far between a certain virus subtype and the development of individual diseases these analyses were greatly complicated by the huge genomic background of CMV and EBV, by the large variety of individual host-virus relations and by differences in the geographic or demographic subtype distribution. In addition, it was shown meanwhile that a substantial proportion of virus infections is due to mixed infections with different subtypes. In this review we will give an overview of the current knowledge concerning the clinical significance of individual CMV and EBV subtypes, defined by characterization of selected polymorphisms. In addition, we also focus on recent analyses which show that infection with mixed virus subtype populations may be disadvantageous compared to single virus subtype infections.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）以及爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）的基因组包含部分显示出大量多态性的区域。对几个多态性区域的表征导致了各种CMV和EBV亚型的鉴定。在过去几年中，人们进行了大量努力，以查明不同亚型是否对临床表现有不同的影响。然而，尽管到目前为止已经描述了某些病毒亚型与个别疾病发展之间的一些关联，但这些分析因CMV和EBV巨大的基因组背景、个体宿主-病毒关系的多样性以及地理或人口统计学亚型分布的差异而变得极为复杂。此外，与此同时还表明，相当一部分病毒感染是由于不同亚型的混合感染所致。在本综述中，我们将概述有关通过选定多态性的表征所定义的个别CMV和EBV亚型临床意义的当前知识。此外，我们还关注最近的分析，这些分析表明与单一病毒亚型感染相比，混合病毒亚型群体感染可能是不利的。
