Tikochinski Y, Ritte U, Gross S R, Prager E M, Wilson A C
Department of Genetics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Jan;48(1):129-36.
Twenty-one types of mtDNA were found in a survey of 39 Israeli Jews, of whom 18 were Sephardic and 21 Ashkenazic. The survey was made with six restriction enzymes that together recognize an average of 600 bp/genome. The differences among the types appear to be due to base substitution at 19 cleavage sites, one deletion, and one conformational mutation. The numbers of differences imply that these modern Jews stem from a minimum of 21 maternal lineages that were already distinct from one another 4,000-5,000 years ago. In three of the four cases where a type was found in more than one person, it occurred in both Ashkenazic and Sephardic populations. The diversity of types in the combined sample of two Jewish populations is lower than both that in a sample from various parts of Africa and that in a sample from various parts of East Asia. Nevertheless, it is as high as that in a sample from diverse parts of New Guinea, an area much larger than that in Israel to which the Jewish population traces back.
在对39名以色列犹太人的调查中发现了21种线粒体DNA（mtDNA）类型，其中18名是西班牙系犹太人，21名是阿什肯纳兹系犹太人。该调查使用了六种限制酶，这些酶共同识别的平均长度为每个基因组600个碱基对。这些类型之间的差异似乎是由于19个切割位点的碱基替换、一个缺失和一个构象突变造成的。差异的数量表明，这些现代犹太人至少起源于21个母系血统，这些血统在4000至5000年前就已经彼此不同。在四种类型被不止一人发现的情况中，有三种情况同时出现在阿什肯纳兹系和西班牙系人群中。两个犹太人群体的组合样本中的类型多样性低于来自非洲各地的样本和来自东亚各地的样本。然而，它与来自新几内亚不同地区的样本一样高，新几内亚的面积比犹太人群体追溯的以色列地区大得多。
