So Man Ka, Yamashita Nobuyoshi, Taniyasu Sachi, Jiang Qinting, Giesy John P, Chen Kun, Lam Paul Kwan Sing
Centre for Coastal Pollution and Conservation, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples Republic of China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2006 May 1;40(9):2924-9. doi: 10.1021/es060031f.
Recent studies have reported the ubiquitous distribution of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), especially perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), in wildlife and human whole blood or serum. In 2003 a solid phase extraction method was developed, which allowed the measurement of PFCs in human breast milk. In the present study, PFCs in samples of human breast milk from 19 individuals from Zhoushan, China, were analyzed by modifying a previously established method, based on weak-anion exchange extraction. PFOS and PFOA were the two dominant chemicals detected in all the milk samples. Concentrations of PFOS and PFOA ranged from 45 to 360 ng/L and 47 to 210 ng/L, respectively. The maximum concentrations of other PFCs were 100 ng/L for perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), 62 ng/L for perfluorononanoate (PFNA), 15 ng/L for perfluorodecanoate (PFDA) and 56 ng/L for perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnDA). Statistically significant correlations between various PFCs suggested a common exposure source to humans. No statistically significant correlation was found between concentrations of either PFOS or PFOA and maternal age, weight, or infant weight. Rate of consumption of fish was found to be positively correlated with PFNA, PFDA, and PFUnDA concentrations. Daily intake of PFOS for the child via breast milk with greater PFOS concentrations exceeded the predicted conservative reference dose in 1 of 19 samples, indicating that there may be a small potential risk of PFOS for the infants in Zhoushan via the consumption of breast milk.
最近的研究报告了全氟化合物（PFCs），尤其是全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）在野生动物以及人类全血或血清中的广泛分布。2003年开发了一种固相萃取方法，该方法可用于测定人乳中的全氟化合物。在本研究中，通过改进先前基于弱阴离子交换萃取建立的方法，对来自中国舟山的19名个体的人乳样本中的全氟化合物进行了分析。PFOS和PFOA是在所有乳样中检测到的两种主要化学物质。PFOS和PFOA的浓度分别为45至360 ng/L和47至210 ng/L。其他全氟化合物的最大浓度分别为：全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）100 ng/L、全氟壬酸（PFNA）62 ng/L、全氟癸酸（PFDA）15 ng/L和全氟十一烷酸（PFUnDA）56 ng/L。各种全氟化合物之间具有统计学显著相关性，表明人类存在共同的暴露源。未发现PFOS或PFOA的浓度与产妇年龄、体重或婴儿体重之间存在统计学显著相关性。发现鱼类食用率与PFNA、PFDA和PFUnDA的浓度呈正相关。在19个样本中有1个样本中，通过母乳摄入的PFOS浓度较高的儿童的每日摄入量超过了预测的保守参考剂量，这表明舟山的婴儿通过食用母乳摄入PFOS可能存在较小的潜在风险。
