Jung Mankil, Park Moonsoo, Lee Hyun Chul, Kang Yoon-Ho, Kang Eun Seok, Kim Sang Ki
Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
Curr Med Chem. 2006;13(10):1203-18. doi: 10.2174/092986706776360860.
Currently available therapeutic options for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, such as dietary modification, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin, have limitations of their own. Many natural products and herbal medicines have been recommended for the treatment of diabetes. The present paper reviews medicinal plants that have shown experimental or clinical antidiabetic activity and that have been used in traditional systems of medicine; the review also covers natural products (active natural components and crude extracts) isolated from the medicinal plants and reported during 2001 to 2005. Many kinds of natural products, such as terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and some others, have shown antidiabetic potential. Particularly, schulzeines A, B, and C, radicamines A and B, 2,5-imino-1,2,5-trideoxy-L-glucitol, beta-homofuconojirimycin, myrciacitrin IV, dehydrotrametenolic acid, corosolic acid (Glucosol), 4-(alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid, and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose have shown significant antidiabetic activities. Among active medicinal herbs, Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. (Leguminoceae), and Trigonella foenum graecum L. (Leguminosae) have been reported as beneficial for treatment of type 2 diabetes.
目前用于非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的治疗选择，如饮食调整、口服降糖药和胰岛素，都有其自身的局限性。许多天然产物和草药已被推荐用于治疗糖尿病。本文综述了已显示出实验性或临床抗糖尿病活性且已在传统医学体系中使用的药用植物；该综述还涵盖了2001年至2005年期间从药用植物中分离并报道的天然产物（活性天然成分和粗提取物）。许多种类的天然产物，如萜类、生物碱、黄酮类、酚类等，已显示出抗糖尿病潜力。特别地，舒尔采因A、B和C、萝卜胺A和B、2,5-亚氨基-1,2,5-三脱氧-L-葡萄糖醇、β-高夫可诺吉霉素、桃金娘苷元IV、脱氢云芝酸、熊果酸（葡糖索）、4-(α-鼠李糖基)鞣花酸和1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖已显示出显著的抗糖尿病活性。在活性药用植物中，苦瓜（葫芦科）、印度紫檀（豆科）和胡芦巴（豆科）已被报道对2型糖尿病的治疗有益。
