de Sanjosé Silvia, Benavente Yolanda, Nieters Alexandra, Foretova Lenka, Maynadié Marc, Cocco Pier Luigi, Staines Anthony, Vornanen Martine, Boffetta Paolo, Becker Nikolaus, Alvaro Tomas, Brennan Paul
Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.
Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Jul 1;164(1):47-55. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwj187. Epub 2006 May 26.
Hair dyes have been evaluated as possibly being mutagenic and carcinogenic in animals. Studies of the association between human cancer risk and use of hair dyes have yielded inconsistent results. The authors evaluated the risk of lymphoid malignancies associated with personal use of hair dyes. The analysis included 2,302 incident cases of lymphoid neoplasms and 2,417 hospital- or population-based controls from the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Spain (1998-2003). Use of hair dyes was reported by 74% of women and 7% of men. Lymphoma risk among dye users was significantly increased by 19% in comparison with never use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.41) and by 26% among persons who used hair dyes 12 or more times per year (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.60; p for linear trend = 0.414). Lymphoma risk was significantly higher among persons who had started coloring their hair before 1980 (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.72) and persons who had used hair dyes only before 1980 (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.40). Personal use of hair dyes is associated with a moderate increase in lymphoma risk, particularly among women and persons who used dyes before 1980. Specific compounds associated with this risk remain to be elucidated.
染发剂在动物实验中已被评估为可能具有致突变性和致癌性。关于人类癌症风险与染发剂使用之间关联的研究结果并不一致。作者评估了个人使用染发剂与淋巴系统恶性肿瘤风险之间的关系。该分析纳入了来自捷克共和国、法国、德国、爱尔兰、意大利和西班牙（1998 - 2003年）的2302例淋巴系统肿瘤新发病例以及2417例基于医院或人群的对照。74%的女性和7%的男性报告使用过染发剂。与从未使用过染发剂的人相比，染发剂使用者患淋巴瘤的风险显著增加了19%（比值比（OR）= 1.19，95%置信区间（CI）：1.00，1.41），而每年使用染发剂12次或更多次的人患淋巴瘤的风险增加了26%（OR = 1.26，95% CI：1.00，1.60；线性趋势p值 = 0.414）。在1980年前开始染发的人（OR = 1.37，95% CI：1.09，1.72）以及仅在1980年前使用过染发剂的人（OR = 1.62，95% CI：1.10，2.40）中，淋巴瘤风险显著更高。个人使用染发剂与淋巴瘤风险适度增加有关，尤其是在女性以及1980年前使用过染发剂的人群中。与这种风险相关的具体化合物仍有待阐明。
