Mujtaba Syed Faiz, Masih Agha Parvez, Alqasmi Ibrahim, Alsulimani Ahmad, Khan Faizan Haider, Haque Shafiul
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Shia Post Graduate College, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226020, India.
Public Health Department, Saudi Electronic University-Jeddah Branch, Jeddah 23442, Saudi Arabia.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;10(7):1008. doi: 10.3390/antiox10071008.
Cosmetics, commonly known as 'makeup' are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region. Sunlight has different wavelengths of light, which include UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and other radiations. Most cosmetic products have absorption maxima (λmax) in the range of visible light and UV-R. The effect of light-induced photosensitization of cosmetic products, which results in the production of free radicals through type-I and type-II photosensitization mechanisms. Free-radicals-mediated DNA damage and oxidative stress are common consequences of cosmetic phototoxicity. Cosmetic phototoxicity may include percutaneous absorption, skin irritation, eye irritation, photosensitization, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity. Oxidative stress induces membrane lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, and protein covalent modifications, resulting in their dysfunction. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidative-stress-induced cosmetic toxicity. Sunlight-induced photodegradation and accumulation of cosmetic photoproducts are also a matter of serious concern. India has tropical weather conditions throughout the year and generally, a majority of human activities such as commerce, agriculture, sports, etc. are performed under bright sunlight conditions. Thus, more focused and dedicated research is warranted to explore the effects of cosmetics on oxidative stress, glycoxidation of biomolecules, and photoproducts accumulation for its total human safety.
化妆品，通常被称为“彩妆”，是能够提升人体外观的产品。化妆品包括染发剂、洗发水、护肤品、防晒霜、眼线膏以及其他彩妆产品。化妆品一般涂抹于整个面部和颈部区域。阳光具有不同波长的光，其中包括紫外线A、紫外线B、紫外线C以及其他辐射。大多数化妆品在可见光和紫外线区域有最大吸收峰（λmax）。化妆品光诱导光敏化的影响，通过I型和II型光敏化机制导致自由基的产生。自由基介导的DNA损伤和氧化应激是化妆品光毒性的常见后果。化妆品光毒性可能包括经皮吸收、皮肤刺激、眼部刺激、光敏化、致突变性和遗传毒性。氧化应激诱导膜脂质过氧化、糖基化氧化和蛋白质共价修饰，导致其功能障碍。天然抗氧化剂可抑制氧化应激诱导的化妆品毒性。阳光诱导的化妆品光降解和光产物积累也是一个严重关切的问题。印度全年气候炎热，一般来说，大多数人类活动，如商业、农业、体育等，都是在阳光充足的条件下进行的。因此，有必要进行更有针对性和专注的研究，以探索化妆品对氧化应激、生物分子糖基化氧化和光产物积累的影响，以确保人类的整体安全。
