Ditto Blaine, France Christopher R
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Transfusion. 2006 Jun;46(6):1006-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00835.x.
Although not universal, a certain amount of predonation anxiety is common and not surprising among inexperienced blood donors. Variations in predonation anxiety, however, may influence the donor's experience in several respects and might be related to the likelihood of subsequent donation even among those who do not report particularly high levels of anxiety.
A total of 671 inexperienced blood donors (zero or one prior donation) enrolled in a treatment study and completed questionnaires assessing anxiety before and after giving blood. Ratings of pain and blood donation-related symptoms were obtained after giving blood, as well as information from the nurses about the blood donation procedure. Follow-up information on number of additional visits to a blood collection clinic during the subsequent year was also obtained for most participants.
Predonation anxiety was positively related to ratings of blood donation-related symptoms and chair reclining by the nurses and negatively related to the donor's rating, obtained at the end of the procedure, of the likelihood that he or she would give blood again. Women, but not men, with higher predonation anxiety were significantly less likely to return to a blood clinic in the following year. The results of mediation analyses suggest that this was due to the association between anxiety and donation-related symptoms.
The results do not indicate whether or not it is feasible or useful to modify predonation anxiety, but highlight the relationships between the emotional state of inexperienced donors and several aspects of the donation experience, including subsequent donor return. Further study of the psychosocial aspects of blood donation and examination of related research (e.g., treatment of dental anxieties) may be worthwhile.
尽管并非普遍现象，但一定程度的献血前焦虑在无经验的献血者中很常见，并不令人惊讶。然而，献血前焦虑的差异可能在多个方面影响献血者的体验，甚至在那些未报告特别高水平焦虑的人中，也可能与后续献血的可能性有关。
共有671名无经验的献血者（之前献血次数为零或一次）参加了一项治疗研究，并在献血前后完成了评估焦虑的问卷。献血后获得了疼痛和与献血相关症状的评分，以及护士提供的有关献血程序的信息。大多数参与者还获得了关于随后一年中到采血诊所额外就诊次数的随访信息。
献血前焦虑与护士对献血相关症状和躺椅倾斜度的评分呈正相关，与献血者在献血过程结束时对再次献血可能性的评分呈负相关。献血前焦虑较高的女性（而非男性）在次年返回采血诊所的可能性显著降低。中介分析结果表明，这是由于焦虑与献血相关症状之间的关联所致。
研究结果并未表明改变献血前焦虑是否可行或有用，但突出了无经验献血者的情绪状态与献血体验的几个方面之间的关系，包括后续献血者回访。对献血的社会心理方面进行进一步研究以及对相关研究（如牙科焦虑症的治疗）进行考察可能是值得的。
