估算低收入和中等收入国家中男男性行为者的数量。
Estimating the number of men who have sex with men in low and middle income countries.
作者信息
Cáceres C, Konda K, Pecheny M, Chatterjee A, Lyerla R
出版信息
Sex Transm Infect. 2006 Jun;82 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):iii3-9. doi: 10.1136/sti.2005.019489.
OBJECTIVES
To collect and analyse published and unpublished surveillance and research data on the prevalence of same sex sexual activity among male adults (including male-to-female transgenders and sex workers) in low and middle income countries.
METHODS
Key indicators were operationalised (ever sex with a man, sex with a man last year, high risk sex last year (as defined by unprotected anal sex or commercial sex)) and a database was designed for data collection. Searches were conducted (PubMed, databases (US Census Bureau, World Bank, conferences)) and regional informants helped. Reference reports were used to assess the methodology and quality of information in each record. The best data available per region were identified and indicator estimates were used to propose regional range estimates.
RESULTS
Of 561 studies on male sexual behaviour and/or MSM population characteristics, 67 addressed prevalence of sex between men, with diverse numbers per region and virtual unavailability in sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East/North Africa, and the English speaking Caribbean. Overall, data on lifetime prevalence of sex with men (among males) yielded figures of 3-5% for East Asia, 6-12% for South and South East Asia, 6-15% for Eastern Europe, and 6-20% for Latin America. Last year figures were approximately half of lifetime figures, and prevalence of high risk sex among MSM last year was approximately 40-60% in all regions except South Asia, where it is 70-90%.
CONCLUSIONS
Data available on the prevalence of male same sex sexual activity across regions are scarce (non-existent in some areas), with validity and comparability problems. In South and South East Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America, a lifetime prevalence of 6-20% was estimated, with smaller figures in East Asia. A cross cultural analysis of terminology and practices is needed, as is continued work on epidemiological and social analysis of male-male sexual practices in societies across regions.
目标
收集并分析关于低收入和中等收入国家成年男性（包括男变女跨性别者和性工作者）中同性性行为流行率的已发表和未发表的监测及研究数据。
方法
确定关键指标（曾与男性发生性行为、去年与男性发生性行为、去年的高危性行为（定义为无保护肛交或商业性行为））并设计一个数据库用于数据收集。进行了检索（PubMed、数据库（美国人口普查局、世界银行、会议））并得到了区域信息提供者的帮助。参考报告用于评估每条记录中的方法和信息质量。确定了每个区域可获得的最佳数据，并使用指标估计值来提出区域范围估计。
结果
在561项关于男性性行为和/或男男性行为人群特征的研究中，67项涉及男性之间性行为的流行率，各区域数量不同，撒哈拉以南非洲、中东/北非和英语加勒比地区几乎没有相关数据。总体而言，男性中与男性发生性行为的终生流行率数据显示，东亚为3 - 5%，南亚和东南亚为6 - 12%，东欧为6 - 15%，拉丁美洲为6 - 20%。去年的数据约为终生数据的一半，除南亚（70 - 90%）外，所有区域男男性行为者中去年高危性行为的流行率约为40 - 60%。
结论
各区域关于男性同性性行为流行率的现有数据稀缺（某些地区不存在），存在有效性和可比性问题。在南亚和东南亚、东欧以及拉丁美洲，估计终生流行率为6 - 20%，东亚的数据较低。需要对术语和做法进行跨文化分析，并且需要继续开展对各地区社会中男男性行为的流行病学和社会分析工作。
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