White Aaron M, Kraus Courtney L, Swartzwelder Harryscott
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jun;30(6):1006-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00122.x.
Binge drinking is a dichotomous variable that allows researchers to sort students into categories based upon a specific threshold of consumption, commonly 4 (females) or 5 (males) drinks. Crossing the binge threshold increases the risk of negative alcohol-related consequences. The use of such thresholds has played a vital role in the study of college drinking. While extremely valuable, the dichotomous nature of binge drinking variables removes information about how heavily students actually drink, leaving the characterization of college drinking incomplete. The present study examined patterns of alcohol use beyond the binge threshold.
The data set consisted of self-reported 2-week drinking histories from 10,424 first-semester freshmen at 14 schools across the United States during the fall of 2003. The number of students who reached the 4+/5+ binge-drinking threshold was calculated, as was the number who reached 2 times (8+/10+ drinks) or 3 times (12+/15+ drinks) the binge threshold. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore gender differences and to assess whether frequent binge drinkers (3+ binges per 2 weeks) were more likely than infrequent binge drinkers (1-2 binges per 2 weeks) to reach high peak levels of consumption.
Roughly 1 of 5 males consumed 10+ drinks and 1 of 10 females consumed 8+ drinks, twice the binge threshold, at least once in the previous 2 weeks. Gender differences were observed at every drinking level and were particularly large at higher peak levels. Frequent binge drinkers were more likely than infrequent binge drinkers to consume 2 or 3 times the binge threshold.
A surprisingly large percentage of students, particularly males, drink at peak levels well beyond the binge threshold. Such findings suggest that schools might make additional progress in the battle against alcohol misuse by focusing on extreme drinking practices in addition to binge drinking per se.
暴饮是一个二分变量，它使研究人员能够根据特定的饮酒阈值将学生分类，该阈值通常为女性4杯或男性5杯。超过暴饮阈值会增加与酒精相关的负面后果的风险。这种阈值的使用在大学生饮酒研究中发挥了至关重要的作用。虽然非常有价值，但暴饮变量的二分性质消除了关于学生实际饮酒量的信息，使得对大学生饮酒情况的描述并不完整。本研究调查了超过暴饮阈值的饮酒模式。
数据集包括2003年秋季美国14所学校10424名第一学期新生自我报告的2周饮酒史。计算达到4杯以上/5杯以上暴饮阈值的学生人数，以及达到暴饮阈值2倍（8杯以上/10杯以上）或3倍（12杯以上/15杯以上）的学生人数。使用逻辑回归分析来探索性别差异，并评估频繁暴饮者（每2周暴饮3次以上）是否比不频繁暴饮者（每2周暴饮1 - 2次）更有可能达到高饮酒峰值水平。
在之前的2周内，大约五分之一的男性饮用了10杯以上的酒，十分之一的女性饮用了8杯以上的酒，是暴饮阈值的两倍，且至少有一次达到该水平。在每个饮酒水平都观察到了性别差异，在较高的饮酒峰值水平差异尤为明显。频繁暴饮者比不频繁暴饮者更有可能饮用达到暴饮阈值2倍或3倍的酒量。
令人惊讶的是，相当大比例的学生，尤其是男性，饮酒峰值远超暴饮阈值。这些发现表明，学校除了关注暴饮本身之外，还通过关注极端饮酒行为，可能会在打击酒精滥用的斗争中取得更多进展。
