Saha Ramendra N, Pahan Kalipada
Section of Neuroscience, Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, 40th and Holdrege, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States.
Neurochem Int. 2006 Jul;49(2):154-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.04.007. Epub 2006 Jun 5.
Nitric oxide (NO), being a double-edged sword depending on its concentration in the microenvironment, is involved in both physiological and pathological processes of many organ systems including brain and spinal cord. It is now well-documented that once inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in CNS in a signal-dependent fashion, NO in excess of physiological thresholds is produced and this excess NO then plays a role in the pathogenesis of stroke, demyelination and other neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a keen interest has been generated in recent years in comprehending the regulation of this enzyme in brain cells. The present review summarizes our current understanding of signaling mechanisms leading to transcription of the iNOS gene in activated astrocytes. We attempt this comprehension with a hope to identify potential targets to intervene NO-mediated CNS disorders.
一氧化氮（NO）根据其在微环境中的浓度扮演着双刃剑的角色，参与包括脑和脊髓在内的许多器官系统的生理和病理过程。现在有充分的文献记载，一旦诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）以信号依赖的方式在中枢神经系统中表达，就会产生超过生理阈值的NO，而这种过量的NO随后在中风、脱髓鞘和其他神经退行性疾病的发病机制中发挥作用。因此，近年来人们对理解这种酶在脑细胞中的调节产生了浓厚的兴趣。本综述总结了我们目前对激活的星形胶质细胞中导致iNOS基因转录的信号机制的理解。我们尝试进行这种理解，希望能确定干预NO介导的中枢神经系统疾病的潜在靶点。
