Bellussi L, Mandalà M, Passàli F M, Passàli G C, Lauriello M, Passali D
ENT Department, Siena University Medical School, Italy.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2005 Dec;25(6):359-64.
Purpose of this study was to correlate results from a survey on otitis media and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory test. This survey investigated prevalence of otitis media (OM) in our territory, influence on development of language and personality and social costs. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory is a suitable test to differentiate state anxiety caused by a specific event [in this case, otitis media with effusion (OME)] from a trait anxiety (anxious personality) in parents and caregivers. The otitis media study was conducted, retrospectively, in two primary public schools in Colle Val D'Elsa (Siena) on 252 children (6-11 years old). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory test had been administered to the parents or caregivers of 20 paediatric outpatients (4-12 years, mean 6.8) at the ENT Department of Siena University. The results of the OM survey showed a correlation between OM and difficulties in speech and reading, delayed answering and limited vocabulary. All these problems improved as children grew up. On the other hand, psycho-social development appeared to be more problematic even in the 4th and 5th class, mostly due to persistent attention disturbances. In the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory test, 50% of parents or caregivers had a high state-anxiety score and so were mostly concerned with health status of the children. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory results indicated that 50% of parents or caregivers had a high trait-anxiety score and thus had an anxious personality. These findings could be helpful in understanding the real severity of symptoms. The two proposed tests could provide complementary data to evaluate children with OME: the OM survey can be used as a screening test to detect children with non-symptomatic OME, to establish whether delayed language development may be associated with OME, to predict prognosis and children's quality of life as well as social costs of OME; the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory test can be used to reveal a state or a trait anxiety in parents and caregivers in order to better understand their point of view. Parents' and caregivers' personality has a marked influence on the impact of OME on the children's quality of life. Quality of life in children with otitis media with effusion is one of the most important parameters to be taken into consideration on account of the possible correlation with problems in development.
本研究的目的是将中耳炎调查结果与状态-特质焦虑量表测试结果进行关联。该调查研究了我们地区中耳炎（OM）的患病率、对语言和性格发展的影响以及社会成本。状态-特质焦虑量表是一种合适的测试，可用于区分由特定事件（在本案例中为分泌性中耳炎（OME））引起的状态焦虑与父母及照顾者的特质焦虑（焦虑型人格）。中耳炎研究是对科尔勒瓦尔代尔萨（锡耶纳）的两所公立小学的252名儿童（6至11岁）进行的回顾性研究。状态-特质焦虑量表测试已施用于锡耶纳大学耳鼻喉科的20名儿科门诊患者（4至12岁，平均6.8岁）的父母或照顾者。中耳炎调查结果显示，中耳炎与言语和阅读困难、回答延迟及词汇量有限之间存在关联。随着儿童长大，所有这些问题都有所改善。另一方面，即使在四年级和五年级，心理社会发展似乎也更成问题，主要原因是持续存在注意力障碍。在状态-特质焦虑量表测试中，50%的父母或照顾者状态焦虑得分较高，因此主要关注孩子的健康状况。状态-特质焦虑量表结果表明，50%的父母或照顾者特质焦虑得分较高，因此具有焦虑型人格。这些发现有助于理解症状的实际严重程度。这两种提议的测试可为评估OME儿童提供补充数据：中耳炎调查可作为筛查测试，以检测无症状OME儿童，确定语言发育延迟是否可能与OME相关，预测预后以及儿童的生活质量和OME的社会成本；状态-特质焦虑量表测试可用于揭示父母和照顾者的状态或特质焦虑，以便更好地了解他们的观点。父母和照顾者的人格对OME对儿童生活质量的影响有显著影响。鉴于分泌性中耳炎可能与发育问题相关，分泌性中耳炎儿童的生活质量是最重要的考虑参数之一。
