Jim C Y, Chen Wendy Y
Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, China.
Environ Manage. 2006 Sep;38(3):338-49. doi: 10.1007/s00267-005-0166-6.
Fast economic and social changes in recent years in China have brought massive expansion, redevelopment, and restructuring of cities. These changes offer cities the opportunity to improve environmental quality through urban green spaces (UGSs) and to address the challenges of meeting community aspirations. This study explored peoples' minds concerning UGSs in Guangzhou city in south China in relation to the following: (1) knowledge and perception of 25 ecosystem services and 8 negative impacts; (2) attitude toward site condition and management; (3) expectation of landscape design; and (4) preference ranking of venues. A questionnaire was designed to solicit opinions from 340 respondents randomly chosen from residents living in the study area. The results indicated widespread recognition of ecosystem services and strong support of UGS programs. Negative responses were weakly expressed. Amelioration of urban microclimate and environmental quality were emphasized. Environmental functions stressed in publicity programs, together with aggravating environmental problems in the city, tended to focus respondents' attention on UGS benefits. Wildlife habitat, species conservation and other natural ecosystem services drew limited concerns. Awareness of economic benefits was very low. Visual-landscape contributions with strong preference for naturalistic design and recreational benefits were highlighted. Compared with other countries, Guangzhou residents were characterized by visual-scenic-recreation orientation and pragmatic-utilitarian perception of UGSs, reflecting underlying differences in the understanding of inherent ecosystem services of green spaces. Relevant UGS policies and practices could adopt the approaches of market survey, citizen participation, and precision planning in order to meet increasingly mature and refined demands. Citizens' understanding of high-order ecosystem services could be enhanced to encourage appreciation of nature and their associated benefits.
近年来，中国快速的经济和社会变革带来了城市的大规模扩张、再开发和结构调整。这些变化为城市提供了通过城市绿地改善环境质量的机会，并应对满足社区期望的挑战。本研究探讨了中国南方广州市居民对城市绿地的看法，涉及以下方面：（1）对25种生态系统服务和8种负面影响的认知和感知；（2）对场地条件和管理的态度；（3）对景观设计的期望；（4）场地偏好排名。设计了一份问卷，以征求从研究区域居住的居民中随机选择的340名受访者的意见。结果表明，人们对生态系统服务普遍认可，对城市绿地项目大力支持。负面反馈表达较弱。强调了城市小气候和环境质量的改善。宣传项目中强调的环境功能，加上城市日益严重的环境问题，往往使受访者将注意力集中在城市绿地的益处上。野生动物栖息地、物种保护和其他自然生态系统服务受到的关注有限。对经济效益的认识非常低。突出了对自然主义设计有强烈偏好的视觉景观贡献和娱乐效益。与其他国家相比，广州居民对城市绿地的特点是视觉景观娱乐导向和务实功利的认知，反映了在对绿地固有生态系统服务理解上的潜在差异。相关的城市绿地政策和实践可以采用市场调查、公民参与和精准规划的方法，以满足日益成熟和精细化的需求。可以增强公民对高阶生态系统服务的理解，以鼓励对自然及其相关益处的欣赏。
