Chow Eva W C, Watson Mark, Young Donald A, Bassett Anne S
Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Schizophr Res. 2006 Oct;87(1-3):270-8. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.04.007. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
Schizophrenia is associated with neurocognitive deficits, but its etiologic heterogeneity may complicate the delineation of a neurocognitive profile. Schizophrenia associated with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome (22qDS) represents a more genetically homogeneous subtype for study. We hypothesized that in adults with 22qDS the neurocognitive profiles would differ between those with and without schizophrenia.
Using a comprehensive battery of tests, we compared the neurocognitive performance profiles in those with schizophrenia (n=27; 14 M, 13 F; mean age=30.6 years, SD=7.7 years) and those with no history of psychosis (n=29; 16 M, 13 F; mean age=25.0 years, SD=9.0 years).
The 22qDS groups with and without schizophrenia had similar mean estimated IQ (71.6, SD=8.2 and 74.8, SD=6.1, respectively) and academic achievement, however the neurocognitive profiles of the two groups differed significantly on multivariate analysis (F(24,31)=2.25, p=0.017). The group with schizophrenia performed significantly more poorly on tests of motor skills, verbal learning, and social cognition (effect sizes>or=0.8) after correction for multiple comparisons. Other tests, but not the attentional measures used, showed nominally significant differences.
In adults with 22qDS, the pattern of neurocognitive differences between those with and without schizophrenia appears similar to that between patients with schizophrenia and controls. Attentional dysfunction may be a more general feature of 22qDS. The findings support 22qDS-schizophrenia as a genetic model for neurodevelopmental investigations of schizophrenia.
精神分裂症与神经认知缺陷相关，但其病因异质性可能使神经认知特征的描绘复杂化。与22q11缺失综合征（22qDS）相关的精神分裂症代表了一种更具遗传同质性的研究亚型。我们假设，在患有22qDS的成年人中，患有和未患有精神分裂症的个体神经认知特征会有所不同。
我们使用一套全面的测试，比较了患有精神分裂症的个体（n = 27；14名男性，13名女性；平均年龄 = 30.6岁，标准差 = 7.7岁）和无精神病病史的个体（n = 29；16名男性，13名女性；平均年龄 = 25.0岁，标准差 = 9.0岁）的神经认知表现特征。
患有和未患有精神分裂症的22qDS组平均估计智商相似（分别为71.6，标准差 = 8.2和74.8，标准差 = 6.1），学业成绩也相似，然而，两组的神经认知特征在多变量分析中存在显著差异（F(24,31)=2.25，p = 0.017）。在进行多重比较校正后，患有精神分裂症的组在运动技能、言语学习和社会认知测试中的表现明显更差（效应大小≥0.8）。其他测试，但不包括所使用的注意力测量，显示出名义上的显著差异。
在患有22qDS的成年人中，患有和未患有精神分裂症的个体之间神经认知差异模式似乎与精神分裂症患者和对照组之间的差异模式相似。注意力功能障碍可能是22qDS更普遍的特征。这些发现支持将22qDS-精神分裂症作为精神分裂症神经发育研究的遗传模型。
