School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Nov;170(1-4):645-56. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1263-4. Epub 2009 Dec 23.
This replicated 4×2 factorial study investigated the bioaccumulation of selected metals (Mn, Pb, Zn, Hg and Cr) in four tissues (gills, liver, muscle and skin) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) domiciled in two sites (upstream and downstream) of Indus River in Mianwali district of Pakistan. The data were statistically compared for the main effects of the site and fish organs and their interaction on the bioaccumulation pattern of these metals in fish organs at P<0.05. It appeared that the fish sampled from downstream had higher trace metals than the fish from upstream. Significant differences between fish organs were observed for these trace metals (P<0.001). The fish showed higher bioaccumulation of vital metals like Zn and lower bioaccumulation for the toxic metals like Pb. The gills had the highest metal load followed by liver, skin and muscles. High concentrations of Mn, Hg and Cr were observed in different fish organs as compared to the WHO and Federal Environmental Protection Agency standards for food fish. However, the mean concentration of Pb and Zn were under the permissible limits of food fish. It implies that higher levels of Mn, Hg and Cr in fish muscles would have detrimental effects on the health of fish consumers such as pregnant women, children and elderly people of this study area.
本研究采用 4×2 析因设计，研究了巴基斯坦木尔坦地区 Indus 河上下游两个地点的鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）四个组织（鳃、肝、肌肉和皮肤）中选定金属（Mn、Pb、Zn、Hg 和 Cr）的生物累积情况。对主要影响因素（地点和鱼类器官）及其对鱼类器官中这些金属生物累积模式的交互作用进行了统计比较，P<0.05。结果表明，下游采样的鱼类比上游的鱼类具有更高的痕量金属。这些痕量金属在鱼类器官之间存在显著差异（P<0.001）。与毒性金属 Pb 相比，鱼类对 Zn 等重要金属的生物累积较高，对 Pb 等毒性金属的生物累积较低。鳃组织的金属负荷最高，其次是肝、皮肤和肌肉。与世界卫生组织和美国联邦环境保护局的食用鱼标准相比，Mn、Hg 和 Cr 在不同鱼类器官中的浓度较高。然而，Pb 和 Zn 的平均浓度均低于食用鱼的允许限量。这意味着该研究地区孕妇、儿童和老年人等鱼类消费者食用肌肉中 Mn、Hg 和 Cr 含量较高，可能会对其健康产生不利影响。
