Zhang Xiujuan, Godbey W T
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 300 Lindy Boggs Center, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2006 Jul 7;58(4):515-34. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2006.03.006. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
The goal of tissue engineering is the production of functional, biocompatible tissues by seeding cells within biological or synthetic scaffolds. One tissue engineering approach involves the genetic modification of cells that are seeded onto (or into) scaffolds prior to implantation. The genetic modification is achieved through gene delivery, with can utilize viral transduction or non-viral transfection systems. Although novel non-viral systems have continued to emerge as innovative vehicles for controlled gene delivery, viruses remain the most efficient means by which exogenous genes can be introduced into and expressed by mammalian cells. Retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus and herpes virus are widely studied viral gene transfer systems and have attracted the most attention in the field of transduction. This review thoroughly discusses the genomic structures of each virus type, along with the advantages and disadvantages of their use in tissue engineering applications.
组织工程的目标是通过将细胞接种到生物或合成支架内来生产功能性、生物相容性组织。一种组织工程方法涉及在植入前对接种到支架上（或支架内）的细胞进行基因改造。基因改造是通过基因传递实现的，基因传递可以利用病毒转导或非病毒转染系统。尽管新型非病毒系统不断涌现，成为用于可控基因传递的创新载体，但病毒仍然是将外源基因导入哺乳动物细胞并使其表达的最有效手段。逆转录病毒、腺病毒、腺相关病毒和疱疹病毒是广泛研究的病毒基因转移系统，在转导领域引起了最多关注。本综述全面讨论了每种病毒类型的基因组结构，以及它们在组织工程应用中的优缺点。
