Matuschewski Kai
Department of Parasitology, Heidelberg University School of Medicine, Germany.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2006 Aug;18(4):449-57. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2006.05.004. Epub 2006 Jun 12.
Malaria vaccine development aims to significantly reduce mortality and morbidity in the two high-risk groups: young children and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. A pre-erythrocytic subunit vaccine, RTS,S, was recently evaluated in a first Phase IIb clinical trial in young children that live in a mesoendemic area of malaria transmission. The identification of a major parasite-encoded ligand that was found to be involved in pregnancy-associated malaria allows for the rational development of a tailor-made subunit vaccine for young women. The generation of transgenic yellow fever viruses and defined attenuated vaccine lines by reverse genetics are complementary approaches that might further boost the development of safe vaccines that elicit protective immune responses in this population.
疟疾疫苗的研发旨在大幅降低两个高危群体的死亡率和发病率，这两个群体分别是撒哈拉以南非洲地区的幼儿和孕妇。一种前红细胞亚单位疫苗RTS,S，最近在疟疾传播为中度流行地区居住的幼儿中进行了首次IIb期临床试验评估。一种主要的寄生虫编码配体被发现与妊娠相关疟疾有关，这使得为年轻女性量身定制亚单位疫苗的合理研发成为可能。通过反向遗传学产生转基因黄热病病毒和确定减毒疫苗株是互补的方法，可能会进一步推动在这一人群中引发保护性免疫反应的安全疫苗的研发。
