Baird J K, Basri H, Bangs M J, Subianto B, Patchen L C, Hoffman S L
US Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Jakarta Detachment, Indonesia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1991 May;44(5):547-52. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1991.44.547.
Evidence of emerging resistance to chloroquine by Plasmodium vivax is described from Irian Jaya (Indonesian New Guinea). Sixteen of 24 residents in the village of Arso PIR II taking supervised weekly chloroquine prophylaxis (5 mg base/kg) had asexual parasitemia with P. vivax at least once during eight weeks of surveillance. An American working in the same village developed symptomatic P. vivax parasitemia despite chloroquine prophylaxis. Five days after therapy with 600 mg chloroquine base, the asexual parasitemia in the American increased 40-fold, but cleared after treatment with 1,500 mg chloroquine base. Serum samples were not available from many of the cases, but six local residents and the American had serum levels of chloroquine in excess of the ordinarily suppressive 15 ng/ml at the time of their asexual parasitemias (16-70 ng/ml). The weekly 300 mg base tablet of chloroquine, which has been the standard for prophylaxis against malaria for more than 40 years, was not effective against P. vivax in Arso PIR, Irian Jaya.
来自伊里安查亚（印度尼西亚新几内亚）的报告称，间日疟原虫对氯喹产生抗药性的迹象已出现。在阿尔索PIR II村接受每周一次氯喹预防治疗（5毫克碱基/千克）监督的24名居民中，有16人在八周的监测期内至少有一次间日疟原虫无性体血症。在同一村庄工作的一名美国人尽管接受了氯喹预防治疗，仍出现了有症状的间日疟原虫血症。在用600毫克氯喹碱基治疗五天后，该美国人的无性体血症增加了40倍，但在用1500毫克氯喹碱基治疗后清除。许多病例无法获得血清样本，但六名当地居民和该美国人在出现无性体血症时，血清氯喹水平超过了通常的抑制水平15纳克/毫升（16 - 70纳克/毫升）。40多年来一直作为疟疾预防标准的每周300毫克碱基氯喹片剂，对伊里安查亚阿尔索PIR的间日疟原虫无效。
