烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶：新出现的事物。
NADPH oxidases: new kids on the block.
作者信息
Geiszt Miklós
机构信息
Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 259, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary.
出版信息
Cardiovasc Res. 2006 Jul 15;71(2):289-99. doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.05.004.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in many physiological processes including host defense, hormone biosynthesis, fertilization and cellular signaling. Altered production of ROS has been implicated in the development of immunodeficiency, hypothyroidism and cardiovascular pathologies. In the last few years, several enzymes were identified at the molecular level, which are now thought to be responsible for ROS production observed in diverse tissues. These enzymes show a high degree of homology to the phagocytic NADPH oxidase and are now designated the Nox family of NADPH oxidases. This review updates our knowledge on six new members of the Nox family: Nox1, Nox3, Nox4, Nox5, Duox1 and Duox2.
活性氧（ROS）在许多生理过程中发挥着关键作用，包括宿主防御、激素生物合成、受精和细胞信号传导。ROS产生的改变与免疫缺陷、甲状腺功能减退和心血管疾病的发生有关。在过去几年中，在分子水平上鉴定出了几种酶，现在认为它们负责在不同组织中观察到的ROS产生。这些酶与吞噬性NADPH氧化酶具有高度同源性，现在被命名为NADPH氧化酶的Nox家族。本综述更新了我们对Nox家族六个新成员的认识：Nox1、Nox3、Nox4、Nox5、双氧化酶1（Duox1）和双氧化酶2（Duox2）。
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