Londo Jason P, Chiang Yu-Chung, Hung Kuo-Hsiang, Chiang Tzen-Yuh, Schaal Barbara A
Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 20;103(25):9578-83. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603152103. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
Cultivated rice, Oryza sativa L., represents the world's most important staple food crop, feeding more than half of the human population. Despite this essential role in world agriculture, the history of cultivated rice's domestication from its wild ancestor, Oryza rufipogon, remains unclear. In this study, DNA sequence variation in three gene regions is examined in a phylogeographic approach to investigate the domestication of cultivated rice. Results indicate that India and Indochina may represent the ancestral center of diversity for O. rufipogon. Additionally, the data suggest that cultivated rice was domesticated at least twice from different O. rufipogon populations and that the products of these two independent domestication events are the two major rice varieties, Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica. Based on this geographical analysis, O. sativa indica was domesticated within a region south of the Himalaya mountain range, likely eastern India, Myanmar, and Thailand, whereas O. sativa japonica was domesticated from wild rice in southern China.
栽培稻，即水稻（Oryza sativa L.），是世界上最重要的主食作物，养活了超过一半的世界人口。尽管在世界农业中具有这一至关重要的作用，但栽培稻从其野生祖先普通野生稻（Oryza rufipogon）驯化而来的历史仍不明确。在本研究中，采用系统地理学方法研究了三个基因区域的DNA序列变异，以探究栽培稻的驯化过程。结果表明，印度和中南半岛可能是普通野生稻的祖先多样性中心。此外，数据表明栽培稻至少从不同的普通野生稻群体中被驯化了两次，这两次独立驯化事件的产物就是两个主要的水稻品种，即籼稻（Oryza sativa indica）和粳稻（Oryza sativa japonica）。基于这一地理分析，籼稻是在喜马拉雅山脉以南的一个地区被驯化的，可能是印度东部、缅甸和泰国，而粳稻则是由中国南方的野生稻驯化而来。
