Tedersoo Leho, Suvi Triin, Larsson Ellen, Kõljalg Urmas
Institute of Botany and Ecology, University of Tartu, 40 Lai Str., 51005 Tartu, Estonia.
Mycol Res. 2006 Jun;110(Pt 6):734-48. doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2006.04.007. Epub 2006 Jun 12.
Wooded meadows are seminatural plant communities that support high diversity of various taxa. Due to changes in land use, wooded meadows have severely declined during the last century. The dominant trees in wooded meadows acquire mineral nutrients via ectomycorrhizal fungi. Using anatomotyping and sequencing of root tips, interpolation and extrapolation methods, we studied the diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in two soil horizons of both managed and forested parts of a wooded meadow in Estonia. Species of Thelephoraceae, Sebacinaceae and the genus Inocybe dominated the whole ectomycorrhizal fungal community of 172 observed species. Forested and managed parts of the wooded meadow harboured different communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi, whereas soil horizon had a negligible effect on the fungal community composition. Diverse soil conditions and host trees likely support the high richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the wooded meadow ecosystem. Direct sequencing integrated with interpolation and extrapolation methods are promising to identify the fungi at the species level and to compare species richness between communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
树木繁茂的草地是半自然植物群落，支持各种分类群的高度多样性。由于土地利用的变化，树木繁茂的草地在上个世纪严重减少。树木繁茂的草地中的优势树木通过外生菌根真菌获取矿物质营养。我们使用根尖的解剖分型和测序、插值和外推方法，研究了爱沙尼亚一个树木繁茂的草地的管理区和林区两个土壤层中外生菌根真菌的多样性和群落结构。革菌科、蜡壳耳目和丝盖伞属的物种在观察到的172个外生菌根真菌物种的整个群落中占主导地位。树木繁茂的草地的林区和管理区拥有不同的外生菌根真菌群落，而土壤层对真菌群落组成的影响可以忽略不计。多样的土壤条件和寄主树可能支持树木繁茂的草地生态系统中外生菌根真菌的高度丰富度。直接测序与插值和外推方法相结合，有望在物种水平上鉴定真菌，并比较外生菌根真菌群落之间的物种丰富度。
