Airhihenbuwa Collins O, Liburd Leandris
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2006 Aug;33(4):488-501. doi: 10.1177/1090198106287731.
Since the release of former Secretary Margaret Heckler's Secretary's Task Force Report on Black and Minority Health more than two decades ago, excess death from chronic diseases and other conditions between African Americans and Whites have increased. The conclusion of that report emphasized excess death and thus clinical care, paying little attention to the sociocultural environment and its effects on risk of disease. The authors of this article contend that eliminating health disparities between the African American and White populations in the United States requires a focus on improving the social environment of African Americans. They examine the interface of culture, gender, and power and how those are central to analysis of the root causes of health disparities. The REACH 2010 project of the Centers for Disease Control offers examples on how a coalition of community and research organizations can infuse community interventions with informed considerations of culture, gender, and power to eliminate health disparities.
二十多年前，前卫生与公众服务部部长玛格丽特·赫克勒发布了《部长关于黑人及少数族裔健康问题特别工作组报告》。自那时以来，非裔美国人和白人之间因慢性病及其他疾病导致的超额死亡人数有所增加。该报告的结论强调了超额死亡问题以及由此带来的临床护理问题，却很少关注社会文化环境及其对疾病风险的影响。本文作者认为，要消除美国非裔美国人和白人之间的健康差距，需要重点改善非裔美国人的社会环境。他们研究了文化、性别和权力的相互关系，以及这些因素如何成为分析健康差距根源的核心。疾病控制中心的“2010年增进健康与消除差距项目”提供了一些实例，展示了社区组织和研究机构的联盟如何在充分考虑文化、性别和权力因素的情况下，将社区干预措施融入其中，以消除健康差距。
