Feigenbaum Kathryn
National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nursing and Patient Care Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1664, USA.
Gastroenterol Nurs. 2006 May-Jun;29(3):239-44; quiz 245-6. doi: 10.1097/00001610-200605000-00007.
Gastroparesis is a manifestation of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy contributes to morbidity, mortality, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare costs of a patient with diabetes mellitus. Complications from gastroparesis include ketoacidosis, infection, and bezoar formation. The gold standard for the diagnosis of gastroparesis is a gastric emptying study. Other tests and procedures may also be performed to eliminate other causes of the symptoms. In general, treatment involves dietary and lifestyle adjustment as well as pharmacological interventions. Gastric electrical stimulation has recently emerged as an effective strategy in the management of these patients. Research is evolving in this area to include the use of botulinum toxin to control symptoms of gastroparesis. Patients with gastroparesis can be frustrated with the symptoms they experience, the intensive treatment regimens they must follow, as well as the medical procedures they undergo during the course of their treatment. Quality of life is an important factor to consider when caring for and supporting these patients. This article will provide an overview of gastroparesis and the latest treatments available to improve gastric motility and prevent further complications.
胃轻瘫是糖尿病自主神经病变的一种表现。胃肠道自主神经病变会导致糖尿病患者发病、死亡、生活质量下降以及医疗费用增加。胃轻瘫的并发症包括酮症酸中毒、感染和胃石形成。胃轻瘫诊断的金标准是胃排空研究。也可能会进行其他检查和程序以排除症状的其他原因。一般来说，治疗包括饮食和生活方式调整以及药物干预。胃电刺激最近已成为管理这些患者的有效策略。该领域的研究正在不断发展，包括使用肉毒杆菌毒素来控制胃轻瘫的症状。胃轻瘫患者可能会对他们所经历的症状、必须遵循的强化治疗方案以及治疗过程中所接受的医疗程序感到沮丧。在护理和支持这些患者时，生活质量是一个需要考虑的重要因素。本文将概述胃轻瘫以及可用于改善胃动力和预防进一步并发症的最新治疗方法。
