孩子们想了解关于动物和人工制品的哪些方面？特定领域的信息需求。
What do children want to know about animals and artifacts? Domain-specific requests for information.
作者信息
Greif Marissa L, Kemler Nelson Deborah G, Keil Frank C, Gutierrez Franky
机构信息
Yale University, USA.
出版信息
Psychol Sci. 2006 Jun;17(6):455-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01727.x.
Children's questions may reveal a great deal about the characteristics of objects they consider to be conceptually important. Thirty-two preschool children were given opportunities to ask questions about unfamiliar artifacts and animals. The children asked ambiguous questions such as "What is it?" about artifacts and animals alike. However, they were more likely to ask about the functions of artifacts, but about category membership, food choices, and typical locations of animals. They never asked questions about either artifacts or animals that would be considered inappropriate by adults. The results indicate that children hold different expectations about the types of information important for categorizing living and artifact kinds. Young children conceive of artifacts in terms of functions, but conceive of animals in terms of biologically appropriate characteristics. Such results speak to debates about the role of function in children's biological reasoning and to accounts of children's artifact concepts.
儿童的问题可能会揭示出很多关于他们认为在概念上很重要的物体特征的信息。32名学龄前儿童有机会就不熟悉的人工制品和动物提出问题。孩子们对人工制品和动物都问了一些模糊的问题，比如“这是什么？”。然而，他们更有可能询问人工制品的功能，但对于动物，他们会询问类别归属、食物选择和典型栖息地。他们从未问过关于人工制品或动物的、会被成年人认为不合适的问题。结果表明，儿童对区分生物和人工制品种类重要的信息类型有着不同的期望。幼儿从功能的角度来理解人工制品，但从生物学上合适的特征来理解动物。这些结果与关于功能在儿童生物推理中的作用的争论以及儿童人工制品概念的描述有关。
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