Domínguez A, Plans P, Costa J, Torner N, Cardenosa N, Batalla J, Plasencia A, Salleras L
Directorate of Public Health, Department of Health, Generalitat of Catalonia, Travessera de les Corts 131-159, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006 May;25(5):310-7. doi: 10.1007/s10096-006-0133-z.
Determination of antibody levels against vaccine-preventable diseases is of great value to assess immunization programmes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of measles, rubella, and mumps antibodies in representative samples of the child and adult population of Catalonia and compare the findings to those obtained in 1996. A representative sample of the child and adult (>or=15 years) population of Catalonia was studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques were used to determine the presence of antibodies. Equivocal results for antibodies against measles and rubella were tested using an immunofluorescence technique. To compare proportions, the chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test were used. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Samples from 2,619 people were analyzed. The global prevalence of antibodies was 98.3% for measles, 91.1% for mumps, and 98.1% for rubella. The prevalence of rubella antibodies was higher in women than in men (98.8 vs. 97.2%, respectively). Compared with the results obtained in the 1996 seroprevalence study, only the prevalence of rubella antibodies showed a statistically significant increase in men (97.2 vs. 94.6%; p=0.002) and, in particular, in women (98.8 vs. 95.3%; p<0.001). The low prevalence of susceptible subjects has already led to the elimination of indigenous measles in Catalonia and should allow the elimination of indigenous rubella by 2005. The level of antibodies necessary to interrupt the transmission of mumps has still not been reached in all age groups.
测定针对疫苗可预防疾病的抗体水平对于评估免疫规划具有重要价值。本研究的目的是确定加泰罗尼亚儿童和成人代表性样本中麻疹、风疹和腮腺炎抗体的流行情况，并将结果与1996年获得的结果进行比较。对加泰罗尼亚儿童和成人（≥15岁）的代表性样本进行了研究。采用酶联免疫吸附测定技术来确定抗体的存在。针对麻疹和风疹抗体的可疑结果使用免疫荧光技术进行检测。为比较比例，使用了卡方检验和Fisher精确检验。设定统计学显著性水平为0.05。使用多元逻辑回归分析计算调整后的比值比。分析了来自2619人的样本。抗体的总体流行率为麻疹98.3%、腮腺炎91.1%、风疹98.1%。风疹抗体的流行率女性高于男性（分别为98.8%和97.2%）。与1996年血清流行率研究的结果相比，仅风疹抗体的流行率在男性中显示出统计学显著增加（97.2%对94.6%；p = 0.002），特别是在女性中（98.8%对95.3%；p<0.001）。易感人群的低流行率已导致加泰罗尼亚本土麻疹的消除，并应能在2005年前消除本土风疹。并非所有年龄组都已达到阻断腮腺炎传播所需的抗体水平。
