Nardone A, Pebody R G, van den Hof S, Levy-Bruhl D, Plesner A M, Rota M C, Tischer A, Andrews N, Berbers G, Crovari P, Edmunds W J, Gabutti G, Saliou P, Miller E
PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 SEQ, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2003 Aug;131(1):691-701. doi: 10.1017/s0950268803008768.
Six countries (Denmark, England and Wales, France, Germany, Italy and The Netherlands) conducted large serological surveys for mumps, in the mid-1990s, as part of the European Sero-Epidemiology Network (ESEN). The assay results were standardized and related to the schedules and coverage of the immunization programmes and the reported incidence of mumps. Low incidence of disease and few susceptibles amongst adolescents and young adults was observed in countries with high mumps vaccine coverage (e.g. The Netherlands). High disease incidence and large proportions of mumps virus antibody negative samples in adolescent and young adult age groups was noted in countries with poor vaccine coverage (e.g. Italy). The build-up of susceptibles in older children and adolescents in England and Wales, France, the former West Germany and Italy indicate the possibility of further mumps outbreaks in secondary school environments. To control mumps in western Europe, current MMR immunization programmes will need to be strengthened in a number of countries. Sero-surveillance of mumps is an important component of disease control and its usefulness will be enhanced by the development of an international mumps standard.
20世纪90年代中期，六个国家（丹麦、英格兰和威尔士、法国、德国、意大利和荷兰）作为欧洲血清流行病学网络（ESEN）的一部分，开展了大规模的腮腺炎血清学调查。检测结果进行了标准化处理，并与免疫规划的时间表、覆盖率以及报告的腮腺炎发病率相关联。在腮腺炎疫苗覆盖率高的国家（如荷兰），观察到疾病发病率低，青少年和年轻成年人中易感人群较少。在疫苗覆盖率低的国家（如意大利），注意到青少年和年轻成年人年龄组中疾病发病率高，且大量腮腺炎病毒抗体阴性样本。在英格兰和威尔士、法国、前西德和意大利，大龄儿童和青少年中易感人群的增加表明在中学环境中可能再次爆发腮腺炎。为了在西欧控制腮腺炎，一些国家需要加强当前的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗（MMR）免疫规划。腮腺炎血清监测是疾病控制的重要组成部分，制定国际腮腺炎标准将提高其效用。
