Kim Soon-Ii, Kim Hyun-Kyung, Koh Young-Yull, Clark J Marshall, Ahn Young-Joon
School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
Pest Manag Sci. 2006 Aug;62(8):768-74. doi: 10.1002/ps.1243.
The toxicity of formulations of oil of cassia, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, (20 and 50 g L(-1) sprays and 100% oil-based fumigant) to adult Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes and D. pteronyssinus Trouessart was examined using contact and vapour-phase toxicity bioassays. Results were compared with the lethal activity of three commercial acaricides: benzyl benzoate, dibutyl phthalate and diethyl-m-toluamide (deet). The contact toxicity of cassia oil to both dust mite species was comparable with that of benzyl benzoate but was higher than that of the other two acaricides. Sprays containing 20 and 50 g L(-1) cassia oil were effective against both mite species when applied to fabric, glass, paper, plastic, tin or wood substrates. Applications of the 50 g L(-1) spray to different space volumes and surface areas determined that 50-60 mg of cassia oil was needed to control dust mites in 3.4 m(3) or in 1 m(2). In tests with fumigant devices, toxicity varied according to the thickness of non-woven fabric covering the device, the exposure time, the number of fumigant devices used and the volume of the space sprayed. Fumigant toxicity to adult D. pteronyssinus was more pronounced with devices enclosed in thinner (40 microm) versus thicker (45 or 50 microm) non-woven fabric covers. A single fumigant device with a 40 microm thick non-woven fabric cover resulted in substantial control in a space of 0.05 m(3) but exhibited only moderate to weak control in spaces >or= 0.097 m(3) at 4 days after application. Two fumigant devices gave 88% mortality in a space of 1.73 m(3). Cassia oil applied as sprays or in fumigant devices appears to provide effective protection of humans from house dust mites.
采用接触毒性和气相毒性生物测定法，检测了肉桂（Cinnamomum cassia Blume）油制剂（20和50 g L(-1)喷雾以及100%油基熏蒸剂）对成年粉尘螨（Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes）和屋尘螨（D. pteronyssinus Trouessart）的毒性。将结果与三种市售杀螨剂（苯甲酸苄酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和避蚊胺）的致死活性进行了比较。肉桂油对两种尘螨的接触毒性与苯甲酸苄酯相当，但高于其他两种杀螨剂。当应用于织物、玻璃、纸张、塑料、锡或木质基质时，含20和50 g L(-1)肉桂油的喷雾对两种螨类均有效。将50 g L(-1)喷雾应用于不同空间体积和表面积时，确定在3.4 m(3)或1 m(2)空间中控制尘螨需要50 - 60 mg肉桂油。在熏蒸装置测试中，毒性因覆盖装置的无纺布厚度、暴露时间、使用的熏蒸装置数量以及喷雾空间体积而异。对于成年屋尘螨，熏蒸毒性在覆盖较薄（40微米）无纺布的装置中比覆盖较厚（45或50微米）无纺布的装置中更明显。一个覆盖40微米厚无纺布的单一熏蒸装置在0.05 m(3)空间中能实现有效控制，但在施用后4天，在≥0.097 m(3)空间中仅表现出中度至弱的控制效果。两个熏蒸装置在1.73 m(3)空间中可导致88%的死亡率。以喷雾或熏蒸装置形式应用的肉桂油似乎能为人类提供有效的防屋尘螨保护。
