Kwiczala-Szydłowska Seweryna, Skalska Anna, Grodzicki Tomasz
Katedra Chorób Wewnetrznych i Gerontologii, Collegium Medicum, Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
Przegl Lek. 2005;62(12):1393-7.
Widespread use of risk assessing scales and standards in health care of chronically ill patients resulted in improvement of pressure ulcer prevention and treatment in institutional care. However many bed-ridden patients depend on awareness and preparation of families and caregivers, who provide home care after discharge from the hospital. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of pressure ulcers prevention in families of patient at risk.
During a 4 month period, 62 caregivers (78% family members and 22% non-related) filled out the questionnaire enquiring about the issue related to pressure ulcer prevention and treatment.
Only 11% of questioned person knew what the pressure ulcer was, 42% of caregivers were not aware of possible pressure ulcer causes, and 54.8% were not able to mention any pressure ulcer risk factor. Most of caregivers did not know basic principles of prevention including devices useful in pressure ulcer prevention, did not know about pressure reducing mattresses nor dressings used in pressure ulcers treatment. Fifty three percent of questioned persons never received any information about pressure ulcer prevention, and only 23% received such information from nurses--which reflects low involvement of professional staff in education of families of patients at risk in principles of pressure ulcers prevention.
Families and caregivers of bed-ridden patients have insufficient knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention. Contribution of medical staff in education of families of patients at risk in pressure ulcer prevention is minimal, indicating the need of preparation and implementation of an educational program for bed-ridden patients' caregivers.
在慢性病患者的医疗保健中广泛使用风险评估量表和标准，已使机构护理中压疮的预防和治疗得到改善。然而，许多卧床患者依赖于家庭和护理人员的意识及准备工作，这些人员在患者出院后提供家庭护理。本研究的目的是评估有风险患者家庭对压疮预防的知识。
在4个月的时间里，62名护理人员（78%为家庭成员，22%为非亲属）填写了关于压疮预防和治疗相关问题的问卷。
只有11%的被调查者知道什么是压疮，42%的护理人员不知道压疮可能的成因，54.8%的人无法提及任何压疮风险因素。大多数护理人员不知道预防的基本原则，包括对预防压疮有用的设备，不知道减压床垫，也不知道用于压疮治疗的敷料。53%的被调查者从未收到过任何关于压疮预防的信息，只有23%的人从护士那里获得了此类信息——这反映出专业人员在对有风险患者家庭进行压疮预防原则教育方面参与度较低。
卧床患者的家庭和护理人员对压疮预防的知识不足。医务人员在对有压疮风险患者家庭进行预防教育方面的贡献微乎其微，这表明需要为卧床患者的护理人员准备并实施一项教育计划。
