Mash Clay
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/NIH, 6705 Rockledge Drive, Suite 8030, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2006 Oct;95(2):128-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2006.04.002. Epub 2006 Jun 21.
The current work examined age differences in the classification of novel object images that vary in continuous dimensions of structural shape. The structural dimensions employed are two that share a privileged status in the visual analysis and representation of objects: the shape of discrete prominent parts and the attachment positions of those parts. Experiment 1 involved a triad classification task in which participants at each of three different ages (5 years, 8 years, and adult) classified object images from two distinct stimulus sets. Across both sets, the youngest children demonstrated a systematic bias toward the shape of discrete parts during their judgments. With increasing age, participants increasingly came to select both the shape and the position of parts when classifying the images. The findings from Experiment 2 indicate that the local shape bias observed in young children's classifications is not merely a consequence of a discrimination advantage for that dimension. Results are discussed in relation to corresponding age-related changes in other functional contexts of visual processing.
当前的研究考察了在结构形状连续维度上变化的新物体图像分类中的年龄差异。所采用的结构维度有两个，它们在物体的视觉分析和表征中具有特殊地位：离散突出部分的形状以及这些部分的附着位置。实验1涉及一个三元组分类任务，其中三个不同年龄段（5岁、8岁和成年人）的参与者对来自两个不同刺激集的物体图像进行分类。在两个刺激集中，最年幼的儿童在判断过程中对离散部分的形状表现出系统性偏差。随着年龄的增长，参与者在对图像进行分类时越来越多地选择部分的形状和位置。实验2的结果表明，在幼儿分类中观察到的局部形状偏差不仅仅是该维度辨别优势的结果。结合视觉处理其他功能背景下相应的年龄相关变化对结果进行了讨论。
