Foster Patricia L
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Methods Enzymol. 2006;409:195-213. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(05)09012-9.
Spontaneous mutations arise as a result of cellular processes that act upon or damage DNA. Accurate determination of spontaneous mutation rates can contribute to our understanding of these processes and the enzymatic pathways that deal with them. The methods that are used to calculate mutation rates are based on the model for the expansion of mutant clones originally described by Luria and Delbrück (1943) and extended by Lea and Coulson (1949). The accurate determination of mutation rates depends on understanding the strengths and limitations of these methods and how to optimize a fluctuation assay for a given method. This chapter describes the proper design of a fluctuation assay, several of the methods used to calculate mutation rates, and ways to evaluate the results statistically.
自发突变是由作用于或损伤DNA的细胞过程所导致的。准确测定自发突变率有助于我们理解这些过程以及处理它们的酶促途径。用于计算突变率的方法基于最初由卢里亚和德尔布吕克（1943年）描述并由利和库尔森（1949年）扩展的突变克隆扩增模型。准确测定突变率取决于了解这些方法的优缺点以及如何针对给定方法优化波动试验。本章描述了波动试验的正确设计、几种用于计算突变率的方法以及统计评估结果的方法。
