University of Kansas.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1972 Winter;5(4):485-97. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1972.5-485.
Parent-child problems within the home are frequently reported to be instances in which children refuse to help with household chores, bicker among themselves, or engage in verbally inappropriate behavior toward their parents. The present study investigated the effects of a token reinforcement program administered by the parents in ameliorating these problems. Two sets of parents, with a total of five children between the ages of 5 and 10 yr, were taught to administer a token economy within their homes. The parents received instruction in specifying desired social and chore behaviors, communicated these behavioral goals to their children, recorded data on their occurrence, and managed a point system backed with reinforcers normally found in the home. The token reinforcement program was shown to have successfully modified 15 problem behaviors in Family 1 and six in Family 2. In addition, the parents rated all 21 behavior changes as significant improvements. These studies indicated that some cooperative parents need only a small amount of professional help to learn to manage their children's behavior problems with token reinforcement procedures.
家庭中的亲子问题常常表现为孩子拒绝帮忙做家务、互相争吵，或者对父母表现出不当的言语行为。本研究调查了家长实施代币强化程序对改善这些问题的效果。两组家长（共五名 5 至 10 岁的儿童）接受了在家庭中实施代币经济的培训。家长们接受了指定期望的社交和家务行为的指导，将这些行为目标传达给孩子，记录行为发生的数据，并管理一个有家庭中常见强化物支持的积分系统。代币强化程序成功地改变了家庭 1 中的 15 个问题行为和家庭 2 中的 6 个问题行为。此外，家长们对所有 21 个行为变化的评价都认为是显著的改善。这些研究表明，一些合作的家长只需少量的专业帮助，就可以学习使用代币强化程序来管理孩子的行为问题。
