Murray M E
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1980 Sep;1(3):108-11.
This paper provides a general outline of the principles of behavioral management of the hyperactive child. The use of stimulant medications and special considerations in school are briefly discussed and then suggestions for initial parent counseling, family assessment, and the analysis of specific behavior problems are reviewed. Techniques of behavioral management are presented for the younger hyperactive child (3 to 7 years) and for the older hyperactive child (8 to 13 years). Among management techniques discussed are positive reinforcement, extinction procedures, and punishment through isolation. The problems involved in the use of corporal punishment are outlined as well as specific guidelines for parents as to when and how corporal punishment can be used effectively. A step-by-step summary of how to employ a token economy to manage both home and school behavior problems in older hyperactive children is presented.
本文概述了多动症儿童行为管理的原则。简要讨论了刺激性药物的使用和在学校的特殊注意事项，然后回顾了针对家长初步咨询、家庭评估以及特定行为问题分析的建议。针对年幼多动症儿童（3至7岁）和年长多动症儿童（8至13岁）介绍了行为管理技巧。所讨论的管理技巧包括正强化、消退程序以及通过隔离进行惩罚。概述了使用体罚所涉及的问题以及针对家长何时以及如何有效使用体罚的具体指导方针。还介绍了如何采用代币制经济逐步管理年长多动症儿童在家和在学校的行为问题。
