University of New South Wales.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1973 Summer;6(2):219-29. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1973.6-219.
A stuttering therapy program in which adult stutterers were hospitalized and treated in small groups (n = 4) under token economy conditions is described. The Token System reinforced reductions and penalized increases in stuttering during conversation. The therapy program was divided into three stages. Initially, subjects were treated by the token system, which was then integrated with a delayed auditory feedback schedule designed to instate and shape a prolonged speech pattern into normal fluent speech. Finally, subjects passed through a speech situation hierarchy while under token control conditions. Experiments conducted in the first two stages of treatment are described. The first-stage experiments examined the design of the token system; the second-stage experiment assessed the effect of a contingent punishment schedule integrated with the delayed auditory feedback procedure in order to shape rate of speaking as well as fluency.
描述了一种口吃治疗方案，即让成年口吃者住院，并在代币经济条件下以小组（n=4）的形式接受治疗。代币制强化了对话中口吃的减少，并惩罚了口吃的增加。治疗方案分为三个阶段。最初，受试者接受代币制治疗，然后将其与延迟听觉反馈计划相结合，旨在将延长的言语模式引入并塑造为正常流畅的言语。最后，受试者在代币控制条件下通过言语情境层次。描述了在前两个治疗阶段进行的实验。第一阶段的实验检验了代币系统的设计；第二阶段的实验评估了将 contingent punishment schedule 与延迟听觉反馈程序相结合对语速和流畅度进行塑造的效果。
