Western Michigan University.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1974 Winter;7(4):647-53. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1974.7-647.
Descriptive and inferential statistics are described as judgemental aids, stimuli to which the scientist can more easily react than to his raw experimental results. The increasing emphasis on the significance test as the main judgemental aid utilized in experimental psychology is credited with several harmful effects on experimental practice. The area known as "the experimental analysis of behavior" has so far escaped most of these harmful effects, but now we see an increased interest in the development of appropriate significance tests for individual organism research. This interest is based on the view that it is not possible to effect adequate levels of experimental control with much human applied research, and that in such cases a significance test would be quite valuable as a judgemental aid, both of which points are considered to be essentially incorrect, and if accepted, potentially harmful.
描述性统计和推断统计被描述为判断辅助工具，它们比科学家的原始实验结果更能引起科学家的反应。在实验心理学中，越来越强调显著性检验作为主要的判断辅助工具，这被认为对实验实践产生了一些不良影响。被称为“行为的实验分析”的领域迄今为止已经避开了这些不良影响中的大部分，但现在我们看到人们对为个体生物研究开发适当的显著性检验越来越感兴趣。这种兴趣基于这样一种观点，即在许多人类应用研究中，不可能实现足够水平的实验控制，在这种情况下，显著性检验作为一种判断辅助工具将非常有价值，这两个观点都被认为是本质上不正确的，如果被接受，可能会产生潜在的危害。
