Hanson P J, Jeffries D J, Collins J V
Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
J Hosp Infect. 1991 Jun;18 Suppl A:136-40. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(91)90015-z.
Fibreoptic endoscopes have been responsible for outbreaks of infection with bacteria although viral transmission has been reported only once. The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has prompted a review of infection control practices in endoscopy units because of the theoretical possibility that HIV might be transmitted at endoscopy. Recent studies have shown that bronchoscopes and gastroscopes used on AIDS patients become contaminated with HIV genetic material although cleaning equipment in detergent removes all traces of the virus. Thorough precleaning has been shown to eliminate even high titres of HIV from endoscopes and 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde has been found to inactivate the virus rapidly even if the virus is dried in serum to a surface. These findings support the British Society of Gastroenterology recommendations for the cleaning and disinfection of endoscopic equipment and demonstrate that a uniform policy of infection control is practicable in endoscopy units.
纤维光学内窥镜曾导致细菌感染的爆发，不过病毒传播仅有过一次报道。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的出现促使人们对内窥镜检查科室的感染控制措施进行审视，因为从理论上讲，HIV有可能在内窥镜检查过程中传播。最近的研究表明，用于艾滋病患者的支气管镜和胃镜会被HIV遗传物质污染，尽管用洗涤剂清洁设备能清除病毒的所有痕迹。研究表明，彻底的预清洁能从内窥镜中消除高滴度的HIV，并且已发现2%的碱性戊二醛能迅速使病毒失活，即便病毒在血清中干燥后附着于表面。这些发现支持了英国胃肠病学会关于内窥镜设备清洁和消毒的建议，并表明在内窥镜检查科室实施统一的感染控制政策是可行的。
