Ponce-de-Leon S
Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto National de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City.
J Hosp Infect. 1991 Jun;18 Suppl A:376-81. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(91)90044-9.
Nosocomial infections in developing countries represent a major public health problem that is not universally recognized. In Latin America rates for nosocomial infections range from 10 to 26% with a severe impact on morbidity and mortality and a consequent economic burden. The fundamental needs are: (1) to recognize the importance of this problem; (2) to modify the attitude of government authorities in the sense that hospital care could be improved; (3) to teach medical personnel the importance of infection control at the beginning of their training; and (4) to increase the awareness of the population of its right to better health care. From an international point of view we should establish the following guidelines: (1) the World Health Organisation should establish a worldwide programme on nosocomial infections; (2) medical and nursing schools should include regular courses on infection control; (3) international organizations should support training and research programmes in developing countries, focusing on the regional needs for infection control.
发展中国家的医院感染是一个尚未得到普遍认识的重大公共卫生问题。在拉丁美洲，医院感染率在10%至26%之间，对发病率和死亡率产生严重影响，并随之带来经济负担。基本需求包括：（1）认识到这个问题的重要性；（2）改变政府当局的态度，以改善医院护理；（3）在医学人员培训之初就教导他们感染控制的重要性；（4）提高民众对其获得更好医疗保健权利的认识。从国际角度来看，我们应制定以下准则：（1）世界卫生组织应制定一项关于医院感染的全球计划；（2）医学院和护理学校应开设感染控制常规课程；（3）国际组织应支持发展中国家的培训和研究计划，重点关注区域感染控制需求。
